Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 (GBO-5) revealed none of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets (mandated governments to curb biodiversity loss by cutting pollution, managing fish stocks sustainably, removing subsidies that harm nature) have been fully achieved, and only six were partially met.
Measures by India
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- India is on track to achieve the biodiversity targets and have overachieved on many of its target as given by Sixth National Report (NR6) to CBD
- Stronger integration of gender, Indigenous peoples and local communitiesin conservation efforts
- g. India’s Wetland conservation rules 2017 advocated ‘wise use’ concept involving communities in conservation
- Included biodiversityin national accounting systems
- India BIS standard banned microplastic of less than 5mm diameter in personal care product
- Government of India has taken steps to protect its coral reefs under Coastal Ocean Monitoring and Prediction system (COMAPS), Coral Bleaching Alert System (CBAS)
- Coral Reef Recovery Project– is a joint venture of Wildlife Trust of India and the Gujarat Forest Department, supported by Tata Chemicals Limited (TCL)
- Kerala’s Suchitwa mission: fishermen are engaged in not just finding fish but also plastic that either get stuck in the fishing nets or floats in the sea. 25 tonnes waste recovered in 10months
- Andhra Pradesh has formed eco development committees and Van Samrakshan Samithis for joint implementation of projects in mangrove areas.
- Maharashtra became the first coastal state to declare a state mangrove tree species as a symbol to enhance conservation of salt-tolerant vegetation
International alliances:
- International blue carbon initiative: mitigating climate change through the conservation and restoration of coastal and marine ecosystem
- ‘magical mangroves- join the movement’ highlights significance of mangroves conservation
- Blue Nature Alliance It is a global partnership with aim is to advance Ocean Conservation Areas
- The alliance is working on large-scale efforts in Fiji’s Lau Seascape, Antarctica’s Southern Ocean and the Tristan da Cunha island group to collectively secure protections over 4.8 million square kilometers of the ocean
- GloLitter Partnerships Project: aims to help the maritime transport and fishing sectors move towards a low-plastics future.
- London Convention (1972 Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter)
- The Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities (GPA)
- International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI)– preserve coral reefs and related ecosystems around the world.
Other measures:
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- In Southeast Asia: “blue infrastructure development” and approaches such as “building with nature,” are being introduced as part of efforts to harmonize coastal protection and development with habitat and ecological protection
- Increasing our scientific knowledge base of the ocean: new feats of technology, namely sensors and autonomous observation platforms, are collecting more granular data on oceans, including in remote areas.
- One Health modelthat integrates ecosystems, agriculture, wildlife and urban landscapes into a singular approach to human and planetary health.
- 2050 vision for biodiversity: biodiversity be valued, conserved, restored and wisely used.
30X30 target under UN: protecting at least 30% planet by 2030
