Source: DD News Subject: History Context: Prime Minister paid tributes to Savitribai Phule on her birth anniversary, recalling her lifelong commitment to education, equality, and social transformation. About Savitribai Phule: Who she was? Savitribai Phule (1831–1897) was a pioneering social reformer, poet, and educator, widely regarded as the first female teacher of modern India and …
Topic: mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections. Q4. Labour law reforms that prioritise simplification may unintentionally weaken worker protections. Assess its implications for informal labour in India. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: TH Why the question Labour law reforms aimed at simplification have coincided with …
Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country Q1. Land reforms in independent India were conceived as instruments of social justice rather than mere economic redistribution. Discuss this statement. Assess their role in altering rural power structures. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: IE Why the question Land reforms remain central to debates on post-Independence …
Source: TH Subject: Polity Context: The NCBC has recommended excluding 35 communities—mostly Muslim—from West Bengal’s Central OBC list, following its scrutiny of OBC inclusions made in 2014. About National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC): What it is? A constitutional body under Article 338B, mandated to safeguard the rights and ensure the welfare of Socially and …
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Context: Child marriages in Madhya Pradesh have risen sharply by 47% since 2020, with Damoh district emerging as the worst hotspot in 2025. Parliamentary data shows 538 cases recorded this year, the highest in five years. About Child Marriage Hotspot: What it is? A persistent cluster of districts reporting disproportionately high child marriages, mainly in …
Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes Q3. “India’s disability rights framework is strong in law but weak in delivery.” Analyse this gap. Examine the structural barriers to effective implementation and outline reforms to ensure meaningful inclusion. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium …
Topic: Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure Q3. Reservation ceilings meant to preserve fairness may become increasingly misaligned with contemporary demographic realities. Discuss. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: TH Why the question Due to ongoing constitutional debates on reservation ceilings, demographic shifts, OBC quota litigation, and the Supreme …
Source: PIB Subject: Vulnerable Section Context: India has announced major reforms and welfare initiatives for transgender persons, alongside global attention shifting to India as the U.S. under Trump 2.0 rolls back transgender rights. About Transgender Rights in India: Status of Transgender Persons in India: India had 4.87 lakh self-declared transgender persons (Census 2011), though the …
Topic: Population and associated issues Q2. In a stratified society, educational opportunity alone cannot ensure social mobility. Discuss. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: IE Why the question: Education alone can dismantle deep-rooted social hierarchies in India and to evaluate how caste, class, gender, and structural barriers restrict true upward mobility despite educational expansion. Key …
Topic: Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein. Q3. “Reservation in Panchayati Raj Institutions has widened political representation but not necessarily empowerment”. Critically examine. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: InsightsIAS Why the …
Topic: Directive Principles Q3. “The Directive Principles mark India’s silent constitutional revolution towards a social state”. Discuss. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Easy Reference: InsightsIAS Why the question: To assess how the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) have guided India’s transformation towards a social and welfare-oriented state, while examining the structural challenges and measures needed …
Topic: Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India. Q2. “Economic mobility has not dismantled the social hierarchies of caste, it has merely transformed their expression”. Comment. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: IE Why the question: Contemporary debates and cases (like Y. Puran Kumar 2025) showing that despite education and income gains, caste discrimination …
Topic: Modern India Q2. Peasant movements during British rule were driven by both economic exploitation and social injustice. Do you agree? Analyze the factors that contributed to major peasant uprisings. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: InsightsIAS Why the question: How agrarian distress under British rule had both economic and social dimensions and to assess …
Context: Purple Fest 2025 was organized by the Indian Sign Language Research and Training Centre (ISLRTC) in collaboration with Amity University, Noida. It celebrated inclusion, dignity, and empowerment of persons with disabilities (Divyangjan) through cultural, entrepreneurial, and educational activities. About Purple Fest 2025: What It Is? A national-level festival celebrating the creativity, rights, and empowerment …
Source: TH Context: This year (2025) marks 100 years of the Self-Respect Movement launched in Tamil Nadu in 1925 by Periyar E.V. Ramasamy. About Self-Respect Movement: What it is? A radical social reform movement against caste oppression, patriarchy, and religious orthodoxy. Emphasised rationalism, equality, and dignity of individuals over ritualism and hierarchy. Launched in: 1925, …
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Source: PIB Context: The Ministry of Minority Affairs has launched an additional module on the UMEED Portal to allow widows, divorced women, and orphans to apply for maintenance support from Waqf-alal-aulad properties. About UMEED Portal What it is ? UMEED stands for Unified Waqf Management, Empowerment, Efficiency, and Development. It is a centralized digital platformfor registering …
UPSC Mains 2025 GS Paper 1 & GS Paper 2 Analysis (Videos) — Sample Answers & Strategy Held on 23 Aug 2025 • Detailed analysis videos with sample answers & approach • Ideal for revision and future attempts. Watch the UPSC CSE Mains 2025 General Studies Paper 1 and General Studies Paper 2 analysis. Each …
UPSC Mains 2025 General Studies–II (GS Paper 2) Question Paper (23rd August 2025) – PDF Download Now The UPSC Civil Services Mains 2025 Examination continued on 23rd August 2025, with the General Studies Paper 2 (GS Paper 2). This paper covers Polity, Governance, International Relations, and Social Justice, and plays a crucial role in assessing …
Context The Greater Chennai Police have reported that their senior citizen support helplines have received 3,433 calls in 2025 so far, reflecting growing reliance on institutional mechanisms for elderly care. Key Features of the Initiatives Toll-Free Helpline 1253 (since 2004) Provides emergency help, medical aid, and safety support to citizens aged 60+. In 2025, received …
