PARAM Rudra

 Source: PM India  Context: The Prime Minister inaugurated three new PARAM Rudra supercomputers worth ₹130 crore under the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM). These supercomputers have been deployed in Pune, Delhi, and Kolkata to aid advanced research in areas like physics, cosmology, earth sciences, and weather prediction. Significance: These supercomputers will propel India’s scientific research capabilities, …

AI-Powered Primary-Care Physician for Every Indian

  Syllabus: Science and Technology  Source: TH Context: The ambition to provide an “AI-powered primary-care physician for every Indian” in five years raises concerns about the feasibility, sustainability, and readiness of India’s healthcare system.   Benefits of an AI-Powered Primary-Care Physician for Every Indian: 24/7 Accessibility: Provides round-the-clock access to healthcare services. Increased Efficiency: Automates …

WHO Global Framework for Pathogen Origins

Syllabus: Science and Technology: Health   Source: WHO   Context: WHO Launches First Global Framework For Understanding the Origins Of New Or Re-Emerging Pathogens   Framework Overview Developed by: SAGO (Scientific Advisory Group for the Origins of Novel Pathogens) Established: By WHO in 2021; consists of global independent experts Key Principles: Aligns with International Health …

Centre’s BioE3 Policy: Harnessing Biotechnology for Economic Development

Syllabus: Science and Technology Source: IE Context: The recently launched BioE3 (Biotechnology for Economy, Environment, and Employment) policy aims to transform manufacturing processes across sectors to be more sustainable and less wasteful, utilizing biotechnology to mimic natural biological systems.   This marks the beginning of the “industrialisation of biology” with potential economic impacts.   BioE3 …

Cabinet Approves Scheme to Boost Biotech Manufacturing

Syllabus: Science and Technology Source: Th Context: The Union Cabinet approved the BioE3 Policy (Biotechnology for Economy, Environment, and Employment) to drive a biotech manufacturing revolution, akin to the IT sector’s transformation in the 1990s.   Aim:  The BioE3 Policy aims to revolutionize biotechnology in India by boosting sustainable bio-manufacturing across sectors like healthcare, agriculture, …

India’s Space Programme: Key Updates Since Chandrayaan-3

Syllabus: Science and Technology: Space Source: TH   Key Achievements Post-Chandrayaan-3:   Bottlenecks in the Indian space sector: Access to Capital: Limited funding for downstream companies, as upstream activities receive major investments. Human Resource Constraints: A need for technically inclined marketing personnel, but they tend to prefer established businesses with market-level salaries. Monopolization: High capital requirements …

FASTags

Source: LM  Context: New rules for FASTags, effective from August 1, mandate that FASTags older than five years must be replaced, and KYC updates are required every three years. The rules aim to improve toll payment processes and reduce congestion. Key updates include linking vehicle details (registration and chassis numbers) with FASTags, verifying databases, and …

GROWTH-India telescope

Source: HT Context: India’s first fully robotic telescope, the GROWTH-India telescope at the Indian Astronomical Observatory in Ladakh, captured a building-sized asteroid as it approached Earth. The telescope, part of a joint venture by IIT Bombay and the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, tracked the asteroid’s rapid movement, causing background stars to appear as streaks. This …

Expanding the Space Economy

Syllabus: Science and Technology Source: PIB Context: Union Budget 2024-25 proposes to set up ₹1000 crore venture capital fund for the space economy   What are venture capital funds?  A venture capital fund is a type of investment fund that pools money from various investors to invest in early-stage, high-potential start-ups and small businesses. These …

Challenges in implementing National Quantum Mission

Syllabus: Science and Technology: Quantum computing Source: IE Context: A new report, surveying the existing capabilities of India in the field of Quantum technology, has found that countries like China and the United States have a huge head start over India.   What is Quantum Computing? Quantum computing is a new way of computing that uses …

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Source: TH Context: This year marks the 100th anniversary of the first human electroencephalogram (EEG), pioneered by German physiologist Hans Berger.   What is EEG? EEG stands for electroencephalography, combining “Electro” for electricity, “encephalo” for the brain, and “graphy” for representation. It is an instrument that measures brain electrical activity generated by neurons, essential in …