“Targeting civilian infrastructure during conflicts undermines the norms of international humanitarian law.” Examine this assertion. Assess the challenges in enforcing such norms.

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests Q4. “Targeting civilian infrastructure during conflicts undermines the norms of international humanitarian law.” Examine this assertion. Assess the challenges in enforcing such norms. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: NIE Why the question Rising instances of attacks on civilian infrastructure in …

Morality and War

Source:  NDTV Subject:  Ethics and morality Context: China has condemned a deadly missile strike on a school in southern Iran, calling it a breach of the bottom line of morality after reports indicated at least 165 people, including many children, were killed. About Morality and War: What it is? Morality in war refers to the …

“Parallel peace mechanisms without legal accountability weaken multilateralism rather than reform it”. Discuss in the context of emerging conflict-resolution forums. Suggest India’s principled response.

Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests Q4. “Parallel peace mechanisms without legal accountability weaken multilateralism rather than reform it”. Discuss in the context of emerging conflict-resolution forums. Suggest India’s principled response. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: NIE Why the question The rise of ad-hoc peace forums …

UN Peacekeepers

Source:  NH Subject:   International Organisation Context: The UN Security Council has strongly condemned drone attacks on UN peacekeepers in Sudan’s South Kordofan, which killed six Bangladeshi personnel serving with UN Interim Security Force for Abyei. About UN Peacekeepers: What it is? UN Peacekeeping is a mechanism deployed by the United Nations to help countries transition …