Distinguish between GDP at factor cost and GDP at market prices. Examine their relevance for fiscal policymaking in India.

Topic: National Income Accounting Q6. Distinguish between GDP at factor cost and GDP at market prices. Examine their relevance for fiscal policymaking in India. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: InsightsIAS Why the question National income indicators form the basis of fiscal planning, deficit targeting, and tax policy in India, especially after the shift to …

“Transfer payments inflate fiscal aggregates without adding output”. Assess the nature of transfer payments. Examine their implications for national income trends.

Topic: Transfer payments Q6. “Transfer payments inflate fiscal aggregates without adding output”. Assess the nature of transfer payments. Examine their implications for national income trends. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: InsightsIAS Why the question To assess conceptual clarity on transfer payments and understand why they alter fiscal figures without contributing to output or GDP …

Redraw Welfare Architecture: Place a UBI in the Centre

Syllabus: Governance Source:  TH Context: The proposal to place Universal Basic Income (UBI) at the centre of India’s welfare architecture has gained renewed attention amid growing income inequality, automation-driven job losses, and welfare inefficiencies. About Redraw Welfare Architecture: Place a UBI in the Centre What is UBI? Universal Basic Income (UBI) is a periodic, unconditional …

“Sustained economic growth amid rising inequality creates systemic inefficiencies”. Examine how inequality affects resource allocation and productivity. Analyse its macroeconomic consequences and outline measures to align growth with equity.

Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it Q5. “Sustained economic growth amid rising inequality creates systemic inefficiencies”. Examine how inequality affects resource allocation and productivity. Analyse its macroeconomic consequences and outline measures to align growth with equity. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: TH Why the question: India’s richest 1% expanded its wealth by …

Examine the major determinants of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) in India. Analyse how changes in investment composition affect long-term growth sustainability.

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources Q5. Examine the major determinants of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) in India. Analyse how changes in investment composition affect long-term growth sustainability. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: TH Why the question: In light of the Bank of Baroda (2025) study linking capacity …

Private investment is a key driver of India’s growth. Do you agree? Examine other important factors that determine the country’s growth potential.

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment. Q6. Private investment is a key driver of India’s growth. Do you agree? Examine other important factors that determine the country’s growth potential. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: IE Why the question: The role of private investment in driving …

Evaluate the role of GST policy in balancing revenue generation with economic growth. Should indirect tax reforms prioritize affordability or fiscal stability? Discuss.

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment. Inclusive growth and issues arising from it Q6. Evaluate the role of GST policy in balancing revenue generation with economic growth. Should indirect tax reforms prioritize affordability or fiscal stability? Discuss. (15M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: DH Why the question: …

Analyse how the growing burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is reshaping India’s public health priorities. Examine the policy and institutional measures required to strengthen prevention and control.

Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health. Q4. Analyse how the growing burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is reshaping India’s public health priorities. Examine the policy and institutional measures required to strengthen prevention and control. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: TH Why the question: The rising share of …

What role can monetary and fiscal policies play in safeguarding tariff-affected sectors? Analyse the limitations of RBI interventions. Suggest long-term institutional reforms for external sector stability.

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment Q5. What role can monetary and fiscal policies play in safeguarding tariff-affected sectors? Analyse the limitations of RBI interventions. Suggest long-term institutional reforms for external sector stability. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: NIE Why the question RBI Governor assures …

Identify the major direct tax reforms in the Income Tax Bill, 2025 and explain their impact on India’s investment climate. Highlight how the Bill’s simplification measures can improve compliance. Propose steps to balance ease of doing business with revenue needs.

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment. Q5. Identify the major direct tax reforms in the Income Tax Bill, 2025 and explain their impact on India’s investment climate. Highlight how the Bill’s simplification measures can improve compliance. Propose steps to balance ease of doing business with revenue …

Corporate tax cuts aimed at stimulating growth often entail substantial fiscal trade-offs. Examine the rationale behind recent corporate tax reductions. Assess their impact on public revenue mobilisation.

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment Q5. Corporate tax cuts aimed at stimulating growth often entail substantial fiscal trade-offs. Examine the rationale behind recent corporate tax reductions. Assess their impact on public revenue mobilisation. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: TH Why the question: The government …

PSU Dividends

Context: The Centre’s dividend receipts from non-banking PSUs have nearly doubled since 2020, reaching ₹74,000 crore in FY 2024–25. About PSU Dividends: PSU dividends are profit shares distributed by Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) to the Government of India, their majority shareholder. Trends in Dividend Growth: Sharp increase: From ₹39,558 crore in FY 2020–21 to …

NITI NCAER States Economic Forum Portal

Source:  TH Context: Finance Minister will launch the “NITI NCAER States Economic Forum” portal today. The portal offers 30 years of consolidated data on social, economic, and fiscal parameters of all Indian states. About the NITI NCAER Portal: What is it? A digital platform offering comprehensive, state-wise data from 1990-91 to 2022-23, to support evidence-based …

Debt-to-GDP Ratio

Context: The Union Government has announced a shift from fiscal deficit to debt-to-GDP ratio as the primary fiscal anchor from FY 2026-27, targeting a 50±1% ratio by 2031. About Debt-to-GDP Ratio: It represents the proportion of a country’s total debt to its GDP, indicating economic stability and repayment capacity. Formula: What it represents? A higher …

Monetary and Fiscal Policy

Source:  TOI Context: A finance ministry report cited monetary policy, macroprudential measures, and structural factors as possible contributors to the demand slowdown, highlighting differing views with the RBI on growth and inflation. About Fiscal Policy: Definition: Fiscal policy refers to the government’s use of taxation, spending, and borrowing to influence economic activity. Tools of Fiscal …

What are the objectives of fiscal policy? Explain it types and how it is different from monetary policy?

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment. 4. What are the objectives of fiscal policy? Explain it types and how it is different from monetary policy? (250 words) Difficulty level: Easy Reference: Insights on India Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of …