Bhawana Kanth Becomes India’s First Woman Fighter Combat Leader

Subject: CME Anecdote: When Squadron Leader Bhawana Kanth walked out of the Tactics and Air Combat Development Establishment (TACDE), Gwalior, wearing the coveted Fighter Combat Leader (FCL) badge, she was not merely celebrating another qualification—she was rewriting the story of possibility. The FCL course is among the Indian Air Force's toughest professional milestones, completed by …

How is Artificial Intelligence transforming the conduct of modern warfare? Analyse its strategic implications for India. Suggest measures to strengthen indigenous defence capabilities.

Topic: Challenges to internal security through communication networks Q6. How is Artificial Intelligence transforming the conduct of modern warfare? Analyse its strategic implications for India. Suggest measures to strengthen indigenous defence capabilities. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: IE Why the question The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence into military operations and recent global conflicts …

The VIJAY Roadmap

Source: IESubject: Security Context: Just a day after assuming office as the 31st Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), General Dhiraj Seth unveiled an ambitious, high-tech transformation blueprint for the Indian Army titled the "VIJAY" roadmap. The VIJAY Roadmap About The VIJAY Roadmap: What It Is? The "VIJAY" roadmap is an extensive strategic and operational …

“India’s defence modernisation has not kept pace with the changing character of maritime warfare”. Evaluate key technological gaps. Recommend reforms to accelerate capability development.

Topic: Indigenization of technology Q6. “India’s defence modernisation has not kept pace with the changing character of maritime warfare”. Evaluate key technological gaps. Recommend reforms to accelerate capability development. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: IE Why the question Recent debates on Pakistan’s AIP submarines, India’s delayed Project 75(I), and broader concerns that India’s naval …

MiG-21

Source:  NDTV Context: The Indian Air Force will retire its final two MiG-21 Bison squadrons in September 2025, concluding the aircraft’s six-decade-long service since its induction in 1963. About MiG-21: What is MiG-21? The MiG-21 is a Soviet-designed single-engine supersonic jet fighter known for its speed, agility, and compact frame. It was one of the …