Operation Abhyaas

Context: Operation Abhyaas, a large-scale civil defence preparedness drill, was recently held in several places in India as directed by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) to assess emergency response readiness amid heightened national security concerns. About Operation Abhyaas: What it is: A multi-agency civil defence exercise conducted to simulate coordinated emergency responses, especially in …

India’s Science Museum Movement

Context: Saroj Ghose, the visionary behind India’s science museum movement and founding Director-General of the National Council of Science Museums (NCSM), passed away at 89. About India’s Science Museum Movement: What is the Science Museum Movement? A nationwide initiative to promote scientific temper through interactive, experiential learning in museums. Led by Saroj Ghose and institutionalized under the National Council of Science Museums …

Operation Gideon Chariots

Context: Israel launched Operation Gideon Chariots in Gaza to pressure Hamas into releasing hostages. The operation follows failed negotiations and intensified strikes amidst global humanitarian concerns. About Operation Gideon Chariots: What is It? A large-scale military offensive launched by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in Gaza Strip. It marks a renewed escalation in the conflict, …

Mixed Green Manure

Context: The National Seeds Corporation (NSC) has introduced two mixed green manure kits to promote eco-friendly soil enrichment practices, enhancing sustainability in Indian agriculture. About Mixed Green Manure: What is It? Mixed green manure involves cultivating multiple plant species together specifically to be ploughed back into the soil to enhance fertility and structure. Unlike single-species …

Five-Point Global Action Plan to Protect Fragile Mountain Ecosystems

Context: Union Environment Minister addressed the 1st Sagarmatha Sambaad in Nepal, presenting a five-point global action plan to protect fragile mountain ecosystems, with a focus on the Himalayas. About Five-Point Global Action Plan to Protect Fragile Mountain Ecosystems: What It Is? It is a strategic framework proposed by India to promote climate-resilient, inclusive, and cooperative …

India’s 3-Pillar Doctrine

Context: Prime Minister recently unveiled a 3-Pillar Doctrine on national security in response to cross-border terrorism, asserting a policy of zero tolerance and decisive retaliation. About India’s 3-Pillar Doctrine: What it is: A comprehensive national security doctrine aimed at eliminating terrorism at its roots, deterring state sponsors of terror, and projecting India’s strategic autonomy through …

Dirang Geothermal Well

Context: India’s Northeast witnessed a milestone in clean energy as Arunachal Pradesh’s Dirang became home to the region’s first geothermal production well. About Dirang Geothermal Well: What it is? A renewable geothermal energy project using closed-loop binary Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) to tap Earth’s subsurface heat for sustainable applications like electricity, heating, and agricultural processing. …

Zero-Emission Trucking

Context: Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India, released a report on India’s Priority Corridors for Zero-Emission Trucking. About Zero-Emission Trucking: What is Zero-Emission Trucking (ZET)? Zero-Emission Trucking (ZET) refers to freight transportation using battery electric or hydrogen fuel cell trucks that emit no tailpipe emissions, unlike traditional diesel vehicles. Key Features: Powered by …

Vruthi Campaign

Context: Kerala launched the ‘Vruthi’ campaign in October 2024 to combat the rising waste crisis through mass public participation and decentralized solutions.   The recent ‘Clean Kerala Conclave 2025’ showcased innovative practices and collective achievements in waste management. About Vruthi Campaign: What is Vruthi? ‘Vruthi’ means cleanliness of body and mind. It is a statewide …

ABC Rules

Context: Kerala has demanded changes to the Animal Birth Control (ABC) Rules as increasing stray dog attacks and rabies cases spark public health concerns. About ABC Rules: What are ABC Rules? The Animal Birth Control (ABC) Rules, 2023, notified under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960, regulate stray dog population control through sterilisation …

Orange Economy

Context: Prime Minister of India championed the ‘orange economy’ at the World Audio Visual and Entertainment Summit (WAVES) 2025 in Mumbai, urging global companies to “Create in India, Create for the World.” About Orange Economy: What is Orange Economy? The orange economy, also called the creative economy, includes economic activities driven by culture, art, media, …

Repairability Index

Context: The Committee on Repairability Index in Mobile and Electronic Sector submitted its final report to the Department of Consumer Affairs, proposing a consumer-friendly framework aligned with global best practices. About Repairability Index: What is the Repairability Index (RI)? The Repairability Index is a standardized, self-declared score provided by Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to indicate …

Bacterial Infections in India

Context: According to a Lancet Infectious Diseases study, only 8% of bacterial infections in India in 2019 were treated appropriately. About Bacterial Infections in India: What Are Bacterial Infections? Caused by harmful bacteria entering the body, often leading to illnesses such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, or urinary tract infections. Require timely and correct antibiotic treatment …

Operation Kagar

Context: Operation Kagar, a large-scale counterinsurgency campaign, has encircled the last remaining Naxal strongholds in Chhattisgarh-Telangana border regions. About Operation Kagar: What it is? Operation Kagar is an anti-Naxal military campaign launched in January 2024 by the Union Government. It integrates security action, surveillance technology, and development outreach to dismantle Left-Wing Extremism (LWE). Core zones: …

India’s first certified Green Municipal Bond

Context: Ghaziabad Nagar Nigam has issued India’s first certified Green Municipal Bond, raising ₹150 crore to develop a Tertiary Sewage Treatment Plant (TSTP). About India’s first certified Green Municipal Bond: What is a Green Municipal Bond? A Green Municipal Bond is a debt instrument issued by urban local bodies (ULBs) to fund environment-friendly infrastructure projects …