UPSC Editorial Analysis: International Court of Justice’s Climate Liability Declaration

General Studies-3; Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.   Introduction The recent advisory opinion by the International Court of Justice (ICJ), declaring that countries are legally liable for greenhouse gas emissions under international law, marks a turning point in global climate governance. Though not legally binding, the ruling offers authoritative legal clarity …

Climate Reparations

Facts for Prelims (FFP) Source: DTE  Context: A new study has found that the world’s top 21 fossil fuel companies owed over US $ 5 trillion in climate reparations, to be disbursed over a 26-year period from 2025 to 2050. The companies with the highest reparations: ExxonMobil, Saudi Aramco, and Shell. About Climate reparations: