Context: A recent multi-institutional study published in the Journal of Wildlife Science has revealed that 6,507 animals belonging to 239 species were killed in road collisions across the Western Ghats between 1997 and 2023. About Road Accidents and Wildlife: What it is? Road accidents involving wildlife, commonly referred to as roadkill, denote the mortality of …
Topic: Environment & ecology Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation Q5. What is eutrophication and how does it develop in aquatic ecosystems? Evaluate its ecological and economic impacts and enumerate the strategies required for its prevention and ecological restoration. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: InsightsIAS Why the question Rising incidents of lake pollution and algal …
Topic: changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes. Q2. Assess the vulnerability of Himalayan forests to recurring forest fires. Discuss the implications of such fires for biodiversity and ecosystem stability. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: NIE Why the question Recurring forest …
Topic: International Conventions, Laws, Summits, NGO’s and measures Q6. Discuss the role of the Convention on Biological Diversity in global conservation efforts. Analyse why biodiversity loss persists despite international commitments. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: InsightsIAS Why the question Biodiversity decline continues at an alarming pace despite nearly universal participation in international environmental treaties, …
Source: NIE Subject: Environment Context: Tamil Nadu has launched one of India’s largest invasive-species eradication drives to completely remove Senna spectabilis from all forest divisions by March 2026. About Senna spectabilis: What It Is? Senna spectabilis is a fast-growing, yellow-flowering tree belonging to the legume family (Fabaceae), widely planted as an ornamental and shade tree …
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation Q6. “Edge effects magnify habitat loss more than outright deforestation”. Substantiate. What are the ecological implications for forest-dependent species? (10 M) Difficulty Level: Difficult Reference: DTE Why the question Forest fragmentation is rising globally, and recent studies show edge effects degrade ecosystems more severely than outright deforestation, making it …
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment Q6. What are the major environmental and ecological risks associated with India’s wind energy expansion? How can ecological impact assessments be improved to address these risks? (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: TH Why the question The growing ecological concerns about India’s wind energy expansion, especially …
Source: GWO Context: The Global Wetland Outlook 2025, released by the Ramsar Convention, warns of accelerating wetland degradation worldwide, with over 35% lost since 1970, threatening biodiversity and climate resilience. About Global Wetland Outlook 2025: What Are Wetlands? Definition: Wetlands are ecosystems where land is covered by water (permanently or seasonally), supporting unique biodiversity. Types: …
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment Q5. What are the key challenges in conserving insect pollinators in tropical ecosystems? Suggest measures to make agricultural landscapes pollinator-friendly. (10 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: DTE Why the question: As climate change reshapes ecosystems, a new study has found that up to 90 per cent …
Topic: Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country, Q5. Pollination is both a biological service and an economic input. Explain how pollinator decline challenges sustainable agriculture. Analyse the potential and risks of scaling up managed pollination services. Suggest ways to incentivise farmers to adopt pollinator-supportive practices. (15 M) Difficulty Level: Medium Reference: …
Syllabus: Governance Source: UN Context: The Global Environmental Data Strategy (GEDS) is in the spotlight as the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) works to finalize it by December 2025. This strategy aims to address the triple planetary crises of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss by leveraging high-quality, accessible environmental data for informed decision-making and …
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Syllabus: Ecology Source: DTE Context: A UNDP report highlights a significant funding imbalance, revealing that for every $1 invested in forest conservation, $6 is funnelled into industries that contribute to deforestation. Key Insights from UNDP Report on Forest Conservation Funding: Funding Gap: $460 billion per year is required to stop deforestation, but current funding falls …
