Measures needed

Genuine fiscal federalisme. fiscal autonomy accompanied by fiscal responsibility can provide a long-term solution without this PRIs will only be an expensive failure.
6th report of 2nd ARC, ‘Local Governance- An inspiring journey into the future’’, had recommended that there should be a clear-cut demarcation of functions of each tier of the government.
States should adopt the concept of ‘activity mapping’, wherein each state clearly delineates the responsibilities and roles for the different tiers of the government in respect to the subjects listed in the Schedule XI.
Effective bottom-up approach in administration promoting grassroots democracy.
Training should be provided to local representativesto develop expertise so that they contribute more in planning and implementation of policies and programmes.
Resolving issues of proxy representation social empowerment must precede the political empowerment.
Recently states like Rajasthan and Haryana have set certain minimum qualification standards for Panchayat elections. Such necessary eligibility can help in improving effectiveness of governance mechanism.
These standards should apply for MLAs and MPs also and in this direction government should speeden up efforts for universal education.