Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) 2005: The scheme was introduced as a social measure that guarantees “the right to work”. Providing not less than one hundred days of unskilled manual work as a guaranteed employment in a financial year to every household in rural areas as per demand, resulting in creation of productive assets of prescribed quality and durability.
Mission Antyodaya: seeks to converge government interventions with Gram Panchayats as the basic unit for planning by following a saturation approach by pooling resources – human and financial – to ensure sustainable livelihoods.
The National Rurban Mission: For the “Development of a cluster of villages that preserve and nurture the essence of rural community life with focus on equity and inclusiveness without compromising with the facilities perceived to be essentially urban in nature, thus creating a cluster of “Rurban Villages”.
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana- Gramin: To provide pucca house to all who are houseless and living in dilapidated houses in rural areas by 2022.
Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAGY), a Government of India initiative for the empowerment of deprived sections, aims to achieve integrated development of selected villages through convergent implementation of all relevant Central and State schemes.
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY): To provide connectivity, by way of an all-weather road to unconnected habitations.
PM Kisan SAMPADA Yojana: It is an umbrella scheme incorporating ongoing schemes of the Ministry like Mega Food Parks, Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure, Food Safety and Quality Assurance Infrastructure, etc. and also new schemes like Infrastructure for Agro-processing Clusters, Creation of Backward and Forward Linkages, Creation / Expansion of Food Processing & Preservation Capacities.
PM Fasal Bima Yojana: To provide insurance coverage and financial support to the farmers in the event of failure of any of the notified crop as a result of natural calamities, pests & diseases.
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana: to ensure access to some means of protective irrigation to all agricultural farms in the country, to produce ‘per drop more crop’, thus bringing much desired rural prosperity.
National Agriculture market: is a pan-India electronic trading portal which networks the existing Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) mandis to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities. The NAM Portal provides a single window service for all APMC related information and services.
Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana: is an elaborated component of Soil Health Management (SHM) of major project National Mission of Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA). Under PKVY Organic farming is promoted through adoption of organic village by cluster approach and PGS certification.
National Livestock Mission (NLM): to ensure quantitative and qualitative improvement in livestock production systems and capacity building of all stakeholders. The scheme is being implemented as a sub scheme of White Revolution – Rashtriya Pashudhan Vikas Yojana since April 2019.
Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP):It was introduced in 1978-79 and universalized from 2nd October, 1980, aimed at providing assistance to the rural poor in the form of subsidy and bank credit for productive employment opportunities through successive plan periods.
Jawahar Rozgar Yojana/Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana:The JRY was meant to generate meaningful employment opportunities for the unemployed and underemployed in rural areas through the creation of economic infrastructure and community and social assets.
Food for Work Programme:It aims at enhancing food security through wage employment. Food grains are supplied to states free of cost, however, the supply of food grains from the Food Corporation of India (FCI) godowns has been slow.
National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS):This pension is given by the central government. The job of implementation of this scheme in states and union territories is given to panchayats and municipalities. The state’s contribution may vary depending on the state. The amount of old age pension is ₹200 per month for applicants aged 60–79. For applicants aged above 80 years, the amount has been revised to ₹500 a month according to the 2011–2012 Budget. It is a successful venture.
Annapurna Scheme:This scheme was started by the government in 1999–2000 to provide food to senior citizens who cannot take care of themselves and are not under the National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS), and who have no one to take care of them in their village. This scheme would provide 10 kg of free food grains a month for the eligible senior citizens. They mostly target groups of ‘poorest of the poor’ and ‘indigent senior citizens’.
Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana (SGRY):The main objective of the scheme continues to be the generation of wage employment, creation of durable economic infrastructure in rural areas and provision of food and nutrition security for the poor.
National Rural Livelihood Mission: Aajeevika (2011):It evolves out the need to diversify the needs of the rural poor and provide them jobs with regular income on a monthly basis. Self Help groups are formed at the village level to help the needy.
National Urban Livelihood Mission:The NULM focuses on organizing urban poor in Self Help Groups, creating opportunities for skill development leading to market-based employment and helping them to set up self-employment ventures by ensuring easy access to credit.
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana:It will focus on fresh entrant to the labour market, especially labour market and class X and XII dropouts.
Nutrition Security is being addressed through the National cooked Mid-day Meal Programme, ICDS, Kishori Shakti Yojana, Nutrition programme for Adolescent Girls and Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana. Credit Enhancement Guarantee Scheme for the Scheduled Castes (SCs): To promote entrepreneurship amongst the Scheduled Castes who are oriented towards innovation and growth technologies.
Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers (SRMS): Self-Employment Scheme, with the objective to rehabilitate the remaining manual scavengers and their dependents in alternative occupations
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana seeks to integrate the poorest of the poor with bank accounts.
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) is a flagship scheme of Government of India to “fund the unfunded” by bringing such enterprises to the formal financial system and extending affordable credit to them.
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) is a fixed day strategy, every month across the country during which a range of quality maternal health services are envisaged to be provided as part of Antenatal Care.
Aayushman Bharat Scheme: The government-sponsored health insurance scheme will provide free coverage of up to Rs 5 lakh per family per yearat any government or even empanelled private hospitals all over India for secondary and tertiary medical care facilities.
Mission Indradhanush (MI) was launched with the aim of expanding immunization coverage to all children across India. Children across socio-economic, cultural and geographical spectrums in India, are being immunized under this program.
The Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) aims at correcting the imbalances in the availability of affordable healthcare facilities in the different parts of the country in general, and augmenting facilities for quality medical education in the under-served States in particular.
Midday meal scheme: To enhance the enrollment, retention and attendance and simultaneously improve nutritional levels among school going children studying in Classes I to VIII of Government, Government – aided schools, Special Training centres (STC) and Madarasas and Maktabs supported under the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.
The Swachhta Udyami Yojana extends financial assistance for Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Pay and Use Community Toilets in Public Private Partnership (PPP) Mode and Procurement and Operation of Sanitation related Vehicles.
Redevelopment of Railway Stations through Public-Private Partnership: A self-sustainable PPP-based model for development of world-class stations
Eco-Tourism Facilities through Public-Private Partnerships: for the development of sustainable eco-tourism projects in seven islands of Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep.
Setting up Integrated Schools for Sports and Academics at Sports Authority of India (SAI) Centres through Public-Private Partnerships: to integrate sports and education to encourage and nurture students who can achieve academic goals while also getting trained and pursuing excellence in sports.
Enhancement in Viability Gap Funding for Social Sector: provide a boost to private sector investment in social sector infrastructure creation.
Structuring of BharatNet on PPP Mode: capturing the private sector efficiencies, quality and investment for incremental development and impact.
‘Transformation of Aspirational Districts’ initiative aims to remove this heterogeneity through a mass movement to quickly and effectively transform these districts. The 115 districts were identified from 28 states, at least one from each state, in a transparent manner.
Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana: meant to provide for the welfare of areas and people affected by mining related operations.
One district one product Scheme: giving a major push to traditional industries synonymous with the respective districts of the state. The objective of the ODOP is to optimise production, productivity and income, preservation and development of local crafts, promotion of art, improvement in product quality and skill development.
The Backward Region Grant Fund (BRGF)is a Programme implemented in 272 identified backward districts in all States of the country to redress regional imbalances in development.
North East Industrial and Investment Promotion Policy (NEIIPP 2007)for Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura;
Finance Commissionin the form of non-plan transfers. Since 1969 a Special Category status was introduced which was in operation till 13th Finance commission to provide greater percentage of grants to such states from Centre.
The large weight given to “Income Distance”by 14th Finance commission is an important step towards plugging the gaps in per-capita income between states.
