Source: DD News Context: Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya represented India at the Second World Summit for Social Development (WSSD-2) held in Doha, Qatar, from 4–6 November 2025. About 2nd World Summit for Social Development: What it is? The World Summit for Social Development (WSSD-2) is a United Nations-convened high-level global forum that brings together …
Source: TH Context: India and the United States have unveiled a 10-year Defence Partnership Framework, marking a new phase in their strategic cooperation to advance peace, security, and stability in the Indo-Pacific. About Framework for the U.S.–India Major Defence Partnership A comprehensive 10-year framework to deepen collaboration across all defence domains — land, maritime, air, …
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Source: DH Context: India and the United Kingdom jointly launched the India–UK Connectivity and Innovation Centre (CIC) to advance cooperation in digital technologies, 6G research, and secure communications, with an investment of million (₹282 crore) over four years. About India–UK Connectivity and Innovation Centre (CIC): What it is? The India–UK CIC is a bilateral research …
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Source: DD News Context: From October 12, 2025, the European Union (EU) will begin implementing its long-delayed biometric Entry/Exit System (EES), marking a major change in how non-EU citizens, including British travellers, enter and leave the Schengen area. About The Entry/Exit System (EES): What It Is? The EES is a biometric border control system designed …
Syllabus: International Relation Source: IE Context: India’s foreign policy is adapting to the evolving “multipolar West,” marked by internal divisions among Western powers and Europe’s pursuit of strategic autonomy. This shifting balance offers India new opportunities for global engagement and diversified partnerships. About India and the Multipolar West: Challenges and Opportunities Trends in a Changing …
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Source: IE Context: The International Stabilization Force for Gaza (ISF) was proposed under U.S. President Donald Trump’s 20-point Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict (2025). About International Stabilization Force for Gaza: What it is? The ISF is a proposed multinational security force intended to maintain stability and oversee security transition in post-war Gaza. It …
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Source: News on Air Context: India–European Free Trade Association (EFTA) Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) will come into effect on 1st October 2025. It is India’s first FTA with four developed European nations, promising $100 bn investments and 1 million jobs in 15 years. About India-European Free Trade Association Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement …
Source: TH Context: The Wassenaar Arrangement faces calls for reform as its export-control framework struggles to regulate cloud services, SaaS models, and digital surveillance technologies. About The Wassenaar Arrangement: What it is? A multilateral export control regime on conventional arms and dual-use goods/technologies. Established in 1996 at Wassenaar, Netherlands as a successor to CoCom (Cold …
Source: ET Context: External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar addressed the India–SICA Foreign Ministers’ Meeting. About Central American Integration System (SICA): What SICA Is? Name: Central American Integration System (SICA). Purpose: The institutional framework designed to govern and facilitate regional integration in Central America. Secretariat: Located in El Salvador. Establishment: Created by the Tegucigalpa Protocol (December …
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Source: IE Context: The U.S. administration under Donald Trump announced a $100,000 fee hike on fresh H-1B applications, sparking debate on whether the L-1 visa could be an alternative for Indian professionals. About L-1 Visa: What it is? Two types: L-1A employees (executives/managers) and L-1B (specialized knowledge A non-immigrant work visa for intra-company transfers. Allows …
Source: LM Context: An Indian national became the first person deported from the UK to France under the newly implemented ‘one-in, one-out’ scheme of the UK–France returns treaty. About One-In, One-Out Scheme: What It Is? A bilateral migration and deportation arrangement between the United Kingdom and France. Allows the UK to return illegal migrants who …
Source: NDTV Context: US President Donald Trump signed a proclamation imposing a $100,000 (₹88 lakh) fee on H-1B visa sponsorships, dramatically raising the cost for US firms hiring foreign skilled workers. About Trump Imposes $100,000 Fee On H-1B Visas: What It Is? Policy Change: Employers sponsoring H-1B visas must now pay $100,000 per applicant (up …
Syllabus: International Relations Source: TH Context: Saudi Arabia and Pakistan signed a Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement (SMDA) in Riyadh (Sept 2025), pledging that any aggression against one country would be treated as aggression against both — formalising a long-standing security partnership. About Saudi Arabia–Pakistan Defence Pact: What It Is? A Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement (SMDA) …
Source: IT Context: Bangladesh and the United States will conduct three joint exercises (Tiger Lightning, Tiger Shark, Pacific Angel) and launch the RQ-21 UAS program in 2025 to enhance interoperability and regional security. About Major U.S.-Led Military Exercises Around India: Exercise Tiger Lightning 2025: Host: Bangladesh Participants: Bangladesh Army and U.S. Army Pacific Aim: Improve …
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Source: TH Context: The U.K. India Infrastructure Financing Bridge (UKIIFB), launched in September 2024, marked its first anniversary with a report in London recommending policy changes to de-risk investments in India’s infrastructure sector. About The U.K. India Infrastructure Financing Bridge (UKIIFB): What it is? A bilateral initiative between India and the U.K. to mobilise global …
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Source: PIB Context: India and Israel signed a Bilateral Investment Agreement (BIA) in New Delhi, witnessed by Finance Ministers of India and Bezalel Smotrich. About India and Israel sign Bilateral Investment Agreement (BIA): What it is? A landmark investment protection and promotion treaty between India and Israel. Provides a minimum standard of treatment and a …
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Source: FE Context: The Global Peace Index (GPI) 2025 ranked Iceland as the most peaceful country, while India stood at 115th out of 163 nations, reflecting a modest improvement in its peace score. About The Global Peace Index (GPI) 2025: What it is? An annual ranking of countries on peacefulness. Covers 163 states and territories, …
Source: TH Context: Taiwan has launched the largest recall vote in its history against 31 opposition lawmakers from the Kuomintang (KMT) party. About Great Recall Vote: What is the “Great Recall” Vote? A mass legislative recall referendum targeting KMT lawmakers in Taiwan. Citizens are voting to remove 31 KMT legislators in two phases (July and …
Source: NDTV Context: Russia has officially declared its withdrawal from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, stating that Western missile deployments now directly threaten its security. About Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty: What is the INF Treaty? The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty was a landmark arms control agreement signed on 8 December 1987 between …
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Source: BS Context: Bangladesh’s interim government under Muhammad Yunus will unveil the “July Declaration” on August 5, 2025, marking one year since the student-led uprising that ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. About July Declaration: What is the July Declaration? The July Declaration is a proposed constitutional document drafted by Bangladesh’s interim government to officially recognize …
