Source: IT Subject: International Relations Context: South Africa has assumed the G20 Presidency for 2025 with the theme “Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability”, unveiling priorities centred on disaster resilience, debt relief, climate finance and just energy transitions. This marks the first G20 Summit hosted on African soil, coinciding with India’s strong advocacy for Global South About G20: …
Source: TP Subject: Mapping Context: India hosted the 7th Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) NSA-level meeting in New Delhi, reaffirming commitment to regional maritime security amid a rapidly evolving Indo-Pacific environment. Seychelles also announced its decision to join CSC as a full member, marking an important expansion of the grouping. About India Hosts Colombo Security Conclave …
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Source: News on Air Subject: International Relations Context: India is hosting the second Regional Open Digital Health Summit (RODHS) 2025 in New Delhi, bringing together WHO-SEARO nations to advance interoperable digital health systems. About Second Regional Open Digital Health Summit 2025: What it is? The Regional Open Digital Health Summit 2025 is a three-day multilateral …
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Source: TOI Subject: International Relations Context: The United States has officially designated Saudi Arabia as a Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA), signalling a major upgrade in defence ties after Trump’s meeting with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. About Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA): What it is? MNNA is a special U.S. strategic designation that grants close defence …
Source: PIB Subject: International Relation Context: India has been unanimously re-elected to the Executive Committee of the Codex Alimentarius Commission, securing a leadership role for the Asia region until 2027. About India Re-Elected to Codex Executive Committee: What it is? India has been re-elected as the Asian regional representative on the Executive Committee (CCEXEC) of …
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Source: TH Subject: Miscellaneous Context: The United States has launched Operation Southern Spear, a major new military and surveillance campaign targeting Latin American drug-trafficking cartels. About Operation Southern Spear: What it is? A large-scale U.S. military and intelligence operation deploying unmanned air and sea systems to detect, monitor, and disrupt drug-trafficking networks across the Caribbean …
Source: IE Subject: Miscellaneous Context: Pakistan’s President has signed the 27th Constitutional Amendment Bill, instantly making it part of the Constitution and dramatically reshaping the country’s power structure. About Pakistan’s 27th Constitutional Amendment Bill: What it is? A rapidly passed constitutional amendment that centralises military authority, elevates the role and immunity of five-star officers (currently …
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Source: NIE Context: At COP30 in Belém, Brazil, India joined the Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) as an Observer, welcoming it as a major step in global efforts to conserve tropical forests through innovative, market-driven finance. About the Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) Initiative: What it is? The TFFF is a blended-finance mechanism aimed at …
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Source: DTE Context: Bangladesh became the first South Asian country to accede to the UN Water Convention (2025), aiming to strengthen transboundary water governance. About Bangladesh Join UN Water Convention: What it is? The Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (Water Convention) is a legally binding international framework promoting …
Source: NDTV Context: Ethiopia has announced plans to adopt India’s Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) model to tackle rural poverty and promote women’s empowerment. About Ethiopia to adopt Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM): What it is? DAY-NRLM is India’s flagship poverty alleviation and women’s empowerment programme under …
Source: UN Context: The Second World Summit for Social Development, hosted by Qatar, concluded with the adoption of the Doha Political Declaration, earning wide global praise for advancing social development and aligning it closely with the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). About Doha Political Declaration: What it is? The Doha Political Declaration is the outcome …
Source: DH Context: The United States government shutdown entered its 36th day, becoming the longest in U.S. history as Republicans and Democrats failed to reach a budget compromise. About The United States Government Shutdown: What it is? A government shutdown occurs when Congress fails to pass legislation to fund federal agencies and programs before the …
Source: DD News Context: Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya represented India at the Second World Summit for Social Development (WSSD-2) held in Doha, Qatar, from 4–6 November 2025. About 2nd World Summit for Social Development: What it is? The World Summit for Social Development (WSSD-2) is a United Nations-convened high-level global forum that brings together …
Source: TH Context: India and the United States have unveiled a 10-year Defence Partnership Framework, marking a new phase in their strategic cooperation to advance peace, security, and stability in the Indo-Pacific. About Framework for the U.S.–India Major Defence Partnership A comprehensive 10-year framework to deepen collaboration across all defence domains — land, maritime, air, …
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Source: DH Context: India and the United Kingdom jointly launched the India–UK Connectivity and Innovation Centre (CIC) to advance cooperation in digital technologies, 6G research, and secure communications, with an investment of million (₹282 crore) over four years. About India–UK Connectivity and Innovation Centre (CIC): What it is? The India–UK CIC is a bilateral research …
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Source: DD News Context: From October 12, 2025, the European Union (EU) will begin implementing its long-delayed biometric Entry/Exit System (EES), marking a major change in how non-EU citizens, including British travellers, enter and leave the Schengen area. About The Entry/Exit System (EES): What It Is? The EES is a biometric border control system designed …
Syllabus: International Relation Source: IE Context: India’s foreign policy is adapting to the evolving “multipolar West,” marked by internal divisions among Western powers and Europe’s pursuit of strategic autonomy. This shifting balance offers India new opportunities for global engagement and diversified partnerships. About India and the Multipolar West: Challenges and Opportunities Trends in a Changing …
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Source: IE Context: The International Stabilization Force for Gaza (ISF) was proposed under U.S. President Donald Trump’s 20-point Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict (2025). About International Stabilization Force for Gaza: What it is? The ISF is a proposed multinational security force intended to maintain stability and oversee security transition in post-war Gaza. It …
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Source: News on Air Context: India–European Free Trade Association (EFTA) Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) will come into effect on 1st October 2025. It is India’s first FTA with four developed European nations, promising $100 bn investments and 1 million jobs in 15 years. About India-European Free Trade Association Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement …
Source: TH Context: The Wassenaar Arrangement faces calls for reform as its export-control framework struggles to regulate cloud services, SaaS models, and digital surveillance technologies. About The Wassenaar Arrangement: What it is? A multilateral export control regime on conventional arms and dual-use goods/technologies. Established in 1996 at Wassenaar, Netherlands as a successor to CoCom (Cold …
