Japan

Source:  CNN Context: Japan is facing its biggest forest fire in three decades, with over 2,000 firefighters deployed to control the flames in Iwate Prefecture. About Places in News: Ofunato, Iwate Prefecture: Location: Situated in northern Japan, within Iwate Prefecture on the Honshu Island. Habitat: A coastal city with dense forests, mountainous terrain, and a …

Parvatmala Pariyojana

Source:  NIE Context: The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved two major ropeway projects in Uttarakhand under the Parvatmala Pariyojana, connecting Govindghat-Hemkund Sahib (12.4 km) and Sonprayag-Kedarnath (12.9 km). About Hemkund Sahib Ji: Location: Situated in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, at an altitude of 4,632 meters in the Garhwal Himalayas. Connectivity: Currently accessible via …

The Wallace Line

Source:  TH Context: The Wallace Line, first identified by Alfred Russel Wallace, explains species distribution between Asia and Australia, with new studies refining our understanding of its evolutionary significance. About the Wallace Line: What is the Wallace Line? A biogeographical boundary that separates the eco-zones of Asia and Australia. Identified by Alfred Russel Wallace in …

Kabul

Source:  TH Context: A key suspect in the Abbey Gate bombing during the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in August 2021 has been captured and is en route to the United States for prosecution. About Kabul Location & Geography: Country: Afghanistan Region: Located in eastern Afghanistan, nestled in the Kabul River valley. Elevation: 1,790 meters (5,873 …

Zambia

Source:  IE Context: The Government of India has secured a 9,000 sq. km block in Zambia for copper and cobalt exploration, marking a strategic move in securing critical minerals. The project will be led by the Geological Survey of India (GSI), supporting India’s clean energy and EV battery industries. About Zambia: Location: Landlocked country in …

Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary

Source:  TH Context: Researchers from University of Kerala have discovered two new species of jumping spiders from Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, marking the first record of the Epidelaxia genus in India. The species, Epidelaxia falciformis sp. nov. and Epidelaxia palustris sp. nov., extend the known range of the genus beyond Sri Lanka, enhancing the biodiversity …

Sudan

Source:  TOI Context: Indian Coast Guard Ship Sachet departed for Sudan, carrying over two tons of life-saving medicines, including anti-cancer drugs, as part of India’s humanitarian aid efforts. About Sudan: Located in: Northeastern Africa, Sudan is the third-largest country in Africa. It lies adjacent to the Sahara in the north and stretches southward to the …

Gulf of Mannar

Source:  TH Context: The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas has identified a deep-sea region in the Gulf of Mannar for hydrocarbon exploration under the 10th round of the Open Acreage Licensing Policy. About Gulf of Mannar: Location: Situated between the southeastern coast of India (Tamil Nadu) and the west coast of Sri Lanka. Forms …

Simandou Mine

Source:  REU Context: The Simandou mine in Guinea is set to reshape the global iron ore market, meeting 10% of China’s annual iron ore demand and challenging Australia and Brazil’s dominance. About Simandou Mine: Located in: Simandou mountain range, Nzérékoré Region, Guinea. Controlled by: 75% Chinese consortium. Quality & Reserves: Iron ore grade: 65% Fe …

Mount Fentale

Source:  IDR Context: Ethiopia’s Mount Fentale volcano has emitted massive methane plumes, an unprecedented natural event with potential climate change implications. About Mount Fentale: What Happened? Mount Fentale, located in northern Ethiopia, released large amounts of methane into the atmosphere starting January 31, 2025. The event was described as a “burp”, with huge plumes of …

Similipal Tiger Reserve (STR)

Source:  NIE Context: Munda tribals of Similipal Tiger Reserve (STR), Odisha, protested against being denied access to their sacred groves, which have been turned into a tiger enclosure for translocated tigress Zeenat. About Similipal Tiger Reserve: Location: Situated in Mayurbhanj district, Odisha. Declared a Tiger Reserve under Project Tiger in 1973 and a wildlife sanctuary …

Honduras

Source:  News on Air Context: India dispatched 26 tons of humanitarian aid to Honduras following the devastation caused by Tropical Storm SARA. About Honduras: Location: Situated in Central America. Capital: Neighbours: Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Caribbean Sea & Pacific Ocean. Geographical Features: Mountains: Over 75% of Honduras is mountainous, limiting arable land. Major Valleys: Sula …

Gulf of Tonkin

Source:  DD News Context: Vietnam’s foreign ministry released a map defining its baseline claim in the Gulf of Tonkin, reinforcing its sovereign rights and maritime jurisdiction. The baseline, marked from Quang Ninh to Quang Tri provinces, aligns with UNCLOS 1982 and the Vietnam-China Gulf of Tonkin Delimitation Agreement (2000). About Gulf of Tonkin: Location: Situated …

Volcanic Eruptions in News

Source:  DD News Context: Mount Etna (Italy) erupted, spewing lava sprays and attracting thousands of tourists, creating safety risks. Mount Dukono (Indonesia) erupted, emitting a 2,000-metre ash cloud, prompting an aviation warning and public safety advisory. About Volcanic Eruption in News: Mount Etna (Italy): Location: Sicily, Italy Type: Stratovolcano, Europe’s highest and most active volcano …

Pir Panjal Range

Source:  ET Context: Amid rising Line of Control skirmishes in Jammu, India-Pakistan brigade commanders met at Chakkan-Da-Bagh (Poonch District), in Pir Panjal Valley to ease tensions and reaffirm the ceasefire. About Pir Panjal Range: Location: Part of the Lesser Himalayas, spanning India and Pakistan-administered Kashmir. States covered: Extends across Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir …