Source: The Hindu General Studies-1; Topic: Urbanization, their problems and their remedies. Introduction In recent years, India has experienced increasingly severe heatwaves, with urban areas suffering the most due to the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. This phenomenon, where cities are significantly warmer than their rural counterparts, is exacerbated by poor urban planning …
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Source: DTE General Studies-3; Topic: Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers. Introduction Water-soluble fertilisers (WSFs) have emerged as a key agro-innovation to enhance fertiliser use …
Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary; Introduction: In a recent address, President Droupadi Murmu raised concerns over delays in the judicial system, referring to it as the ‘black coat syndrome’—similar to the anxiety patients feel in clinical settings, known as ‘white coat …
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Source: IE Introduction The recent decision by the UK to transfer the Chagos Archipelago to Mauritius marks a significant moment in both international relations and maritime geopolitics. This move addresses long-standing colonial legacies while reshaping the strategic landscape of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), particularly for countries like India, the UK, and the US. …
Source: IE Introduction to India’s AI Era The world is rapidly adapting to artificial intelligence (AI), and India stands on the cusp of a transformative era. The Indian economy is poised to grow at an average rate of 7% over the next five years, outpacing the global growth forecast of 3.2% for 2024. Hosting …
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Source: IE General Studies-2; Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections. Introduction Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) is a flagship health insurance scheme …
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Source: The Hindu General Studies-3; Topic: Disaster and disaster management Introduction: On July 30, 2024, landslides hit Mundakkai and Chooralmala villages in Wayanad, Kerala. The disaster is considered one of the deadliest in India, exposing vulnerabilities in disaster management. Changing Disaster Profile of Kerala: Historically, Kerala was considered a relatively disaster-free …
Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests. Introduction: In the current era of interconnected crises India and Italy share mutual interests and face joint challenges in the Indo-Mediterranean region, a vital hub for global trade and digital connectivity. India and Italy …
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Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources Introduction: The National Eligibility Test (NET), traditionally used for Junior Research Fellowships (JRF) and assistant professorship eligibility, has now become a key criterion for PhD admissions in India. This shift has sparked considerable debate within …
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Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Role of civil services in a democracy. Introduction: The UPSC and IAS have come under scrutiny following the Puja Khedkar episode, exposing significant flaws in the system, particularly in reservation policies and national-level selection processes. Similar controversies have emerged around the National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test (NEET), revealing …
Source: The Hindu General Studies-3; Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc. Introduction In July 2024, the Government of India, while presenting the Union Budget FY 2024-25, announced plans to expand India’s nuclear energy sector. Proposed partnerships with the private sector for the development of Bharat Small Reactors (BSR) and Bharat Small …
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Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests. Introduction Following the Ukraine conflict in 2022, Russia redirected its economic focus from Europe to Asia, specifically towards India and China. India, a previously underexplored market for Russia, became a key partner in energy and …
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Source: The Hindu General Studies-3; Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment. Introduction Agroforestry is a land management practice that integrates trees and shrubs into agricultural landscapes to enhance environmental, economic, and social benefits. Agroforestry in India spans approximately 28.4 million hectares, accounting for 8.65% of India’s total land area. Agroforestry …
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Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections. Introduction India’s pension system has evolved significantly over the years, reflecting the shifting priorities …
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Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests. Introduction Recently China announced restrictions on the export of antimony, a critical mineral essential for several military and strategic technologies, including missiles, infrared sensors, and nuclear weapons. China justified this move under “national security”, …
Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources. Introduction India’s education system has long been criticized for being rigid, exam-centric, and heavily influenced by colonial-era methods. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a significant reform in India’s education system, focusing on …
Source: The Hindu General Studies-2; Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests. Introduction The Supreme Court of India recently dismissed a public interest litigation (PIL) seeking to stop India’s export of defence equipment to Israel due to allegations of war crimes in Gaza. Several countries, …
Source: The Hindu General Studies-3; Topic: Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges Introduction The demand for a National Security Strategy (NSS) has emerged once again due to increasing regional tensions, challenges posed by old adversaries, and India’s economic ambitions. The global …
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Source: IE General Studies-3; Topic: Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention Introduction: On September 17, a highly coordinated and sophisticated attack involving pagers and radio sets rocked Lebanon, primarily affecting Hezbollah. The next day, …
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