Category: 2023 MAINS 75 Synopsis

  GS3 Full   Q1. Briefly mention the pros and cons of recently introduced Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill 2023 and Biological Diversity (Amendment) Bill. (10M) Introduction The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill, 2023 and the Biological Diversity (Amendment) Bill are both recently introduced bills that aim to address the challenges of forest conservation and biodiversity protection …

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  GS2 Full   Q1. What sets apart Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) from cryptocurrency. Address potential challenges in CBDC’s widespread adoption in India and propose solutions. (10M) Introduction To counter the cryptocurrency craze, central banks around the world are taking a closer, keener look at introducing central bank digital currencies (CBDC). 114 countries including …

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  GS2 Full   Q1. Shared ideals guide US-India partnership in technology and defense, promoting global norms. Elucidate (10M) Introduction The India-US technology partnership is aligned on their concerns vis-a-vis the rise of China and the need for de-risking supply chains and achieving technological advancements with cross-sector application. This provides an opening for increasing technical, …

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  GS1 Full   Q1. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 appeals more to political allegiance than constitutional rights. Critically analyse. (10M) Introduction Nearly six years after the Supreme Court recognized privacy as a fundamental right, the Indian government has taken a significant step towards safeguarding personal data with the Digital Personal Data Protection …

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  GS1 Full   Q1. What do you understand by the statement “Poverty has a woman’s face”. How does women’s empowerment contribute to reducing poverty? (10M) Introduction The statement “Poverty has a woman’s face” encapsulates the disproportionate impact of poverty on women and highlights the gendered nature of poverty. Women across the world, including in …

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  GS1 Full   Q1. The Gupta dynasty’s patronage of scholars led to the creation of timeless literary works. Elucidate. (10M) Introduction The Gupta dynasty is an important dynasty which ruled ancient India between 4th century to 6th century. They have left amazing examples of their glorious reign which has been called the ‘Golden era’ …

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  Ethics   1)  What do you understand by the following quote? “May we think of freedom, not as the right to do as we please, but as the opportunity to do what is right” Introduction: True freedom goes beyond mere self-indulgence and encompasses the responsibility to make morally just choices. This perspective emphasizes that …

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Ethics   Q1. “The pursuit to be ethical should be like a marathon and not a sprint.” Comment (10M) Introduction: Ethical conduct is a fundamental aspect of human behaviour, shaping interactions, decisions, and the overall fabric of society. Often, the journey towards ethical behaviour is likened to a marathon, highlighting the endurance, consistency, and long-term …

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GS3   Q1. Analyse the impacts of the cross-border supply of illicit drugs on India’s public health, social fabric, and national security? (10M) Introduction Positioned between the world’s foremost illicit opium production zones, the Golden Crescent and the Golden Triangle, India has historically been deemed vulnerable due to its dual role as a recipient and …

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GS3   Q1. Can economic growth alone address the root causes of exclusion and discrimination in society? What additional measures are necessary to achieve inclusive growth in India? (10M) Introduction Economic growth is often hailed as a solution to societal problems like exclusion and discrimination. However, its effectiveness in addressing these issues is debated. While …

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GS3   Q1. Provide an overview of India’s recent moon missions. How will it benefit everyday lives of its citizens, beyond space exploration? (10M) Introduction Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), began the launch of the Chandrayaan-3 lunar mission to explore the Moon on July 14, 2023, by making a soft landing on the natural satellite …

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GS3   Q1. How do changes in climate patterns, such as shifting rainfall patterns and temperature variations, impact the suitability of current cropping patterns in India? (10M) Introduction Cropping pattern can be defined as the proportion of area under different crops at a point of time, changes in this distribution overtime and factors determining these …

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GS3   Q1. Expert says that Indian private sector investment has been weak for almost a decade now. Identify the factors inhibiting it and suggest measures to address them. (10M) Introduction Private investment, one of the pillars of economic growth, had been lacklustre for a long time, falling from 31 per cent of the GDP …

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GS2   Q1. ‘SMART’ administration still has a long way to go. Critically examine the statement. (10M) Introduction The term “SMART” administration refers to an approach to governance that is Simple, Moral, Accountable, Responsive, and Transparent. It is an attempt to make government more efficient, effective, and accountable to the people. Body: Steps taken for …

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International Relations   Q1. How has BRICS’ original role as a platform for major emerging economies evolved over time. What factors have driven this shift? (10M) Introduction BRICS is the group composed of the five major emerging countries – Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. It together represents about 42% of the population, 23% …

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GS2   Q1. ‘The 21st century is going to be the Indian century’. Analyse. (10M) Introduction With a rich history, a diverse and youthful population, burgeoning economic growth, and technological advancements, India is increasingly recognized as a significant player on the world stage. As the global landscape undergoes transformative shifts, the idea that India’s influence …

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Governance   Q1. In what ways do informal pressure groups differ from formal organizations in their approach to shaping public policy. Discuss using examples. (10M) Introduction A pressure group is commonly identified as an ‘organized body of individuals who share goals and who try to influence public policy’, encompassing groups such as think-tanks, lobby groups, …

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  GS Paper 1   Q1. Explain how India’s geographical location and diverse climatic zones play a role in making it susceptible to different types of natural disasters? (10M) Introduction Situated in South Asia, India spans a vast territory, ranging from the towering Himalayas in the north to the expansive coastline along the Arabian Sea …

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  Polity   Q1. How does the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) contribute to upholding integrity and accountability in public affairs in India? (10M) Introduction The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is an apex Indian governmental body that is responsible for maintaining integrity in the public administration system. It was established in 1964, based on the recommendations …

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