Saturn’s rings  

  Source: TH  Context: Saturn’s rings will not disappear permanently by 2025. Although they will become almost invisible from Earth during that time, it is a regular occurrence due to the thinness of the rings.   What is Saturn’s ring and how it was formed? Saturn’s rings are a vast system of icy particles, rocks, …

Four Fundamental Forces of the Universe

  Source: TH  Context: The concept of ‘force’ in physics revolves around four fundamental interactions between subatomic particles:   Four fundamental forces:   However, the classification of fundamental forces faces challenges: Force carriers, like the Higgs boson and pion, may not be considered truly ‘fundamental.’ Interactions such as the electroweak force raise questions about the …

AAINA Portal

  Source: PIB  Context: The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has launched the ‘AAINA Dashboard for Cities’ portal (www.aaina.gov.in).   What is the ‘AAINA Dashboard for Cities’? It is a portal that enables Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to voluntarily submit key data, including audited accounts and performance metrics, on five thematic areas. Political …

Constantine Joseph Beschi

Facts for Prelims (FFP) Source: TH  Context: Constantine Joseph Beschi, an Italian Jesuit missionary known as Veeramamunivar, maintained a close friendship with Chanda Sahib, the Nawab of the Carnatic, and served as his Dewan. The Nawab gifted Veeramamunivar four villages and conferred upon him the surname Ismattee Sannyasi. Who was Chanda Sahib? Chanda Sahib (died …

Mini Solar Grids: Solution for Ending Energy Poverty

GS3/GS1 Paper   Syllabus: Energy/ Geography   Source: IE  Context: The article discusses the private sector-led revolution in clean energy mini-grids, aiming to lift 500 million people out of energy poverty.   What is Energy Poverty and Mini Solar Grids? Energy poverty refers to the lack of access to modern energy services, including electricity and clean …

Parliamentary Panel reports on the three Indian Criminal Law bills

GS Paper 2  Syllabus: Governance: Criminal Justice System   Context: This article is in continuation of an article published two days ago: Analysis of Bills to Overhaul the Criminal Justice System   Recommendations of the Parliamentary Standing Committee (PSC) on Home Affairs Instead of deleting Section 377 of the IPC, the panel recommends partially retaining …