Topic: Reasons for CDM
Q2. What factors led to the launching of the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930? Identify its distinctive methods. Account for its varying intensity across different regions of India. (15 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the question
The transition to mass civil resistance in 1930 and the ability of the national movement to adapt its methods to India’s diverse regional conditions.
Key demand of the question
Explain the factors behind the launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement and identify its distinctive methods. Account for the differences in its intensity and forms across various regions.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction
Briefly introduce the movement as a decisive shift from non-cooperation to the deliberate and non-violent violation of colonial laws under the objective of Purna Swaraj.
Body
- Factors behind the launch: Cover the constitutional deadlock, economic distress, rejection of nationalist demands and the Congress decision to initiate a renewed mass struggle.
- Distinctive methods: Mention how the movement combined deliberate law-breaking, non-payment of colonial dues, economic boycott and locally adapted forms of non-violent resistance.
- Regional variation: Explain how local grievances, social composition, leadership networks and the intensity of colonial repression shaped participation differently across regions.
Conclusion
Conclude that the movement’s diverse regional expressions demonstrated its adaptability and helped transform the demand for independence into a countrywide challenge to colonial legitimacy.
