Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes;
Q3. “The challenge before Indian States is not choosing between welfare and development, but ensuring that one does not undermine the other.” Comment. (15 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: IE
Why the question
The growing debate on competitive populism and fiscal stress has highlighted the need to balance welfare commitments with long-term developmental priorities in Indian States.
Key Demand of the question
The question requires commenting on the relationship between welfare and development in the functioning of Indian States. It also requires explaining how States can ensure that welfare measures do not undermine developmental and fiscal sustainability.
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Briefly highlight the constitutional vision of a Welfare State alongside the need for sustainable development and fiscal responsibility.
Body
- Welfare and development are complementary: Explain how both reinforce each other in achieving inclusive growth.
- Risks when welfare undermines development: Highlight the consequences of fiscally unsustainable or poorly designed welfare policies.
- Way forward: Suggest broad principles for balancing welfare commitments with developmental priorities and fiscal prudence.
Conclusion
Conclude by emphasising that sustainable governance lies in designing welfare policies that empower citizens while preserving the State’s long-term developmental capacity.
