Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
Q1. Examine the factors that led to the rise of militancy in Punjab during the 1980s. Assess its impact on post-independence nation-building in India. (10 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: IE
Why the question
The Punjab militancy remains one of the most significant developments in post-independence India, with enduring lessons for nation-building, federalism and democratic governance.
Key Demand of the question
The question requires examining the major factors responsible for the rise of militancy in Punjab during the 1980s and analysing its impact on India’s post-independence nation-building process. Both dimensions should be addressed in a balanced historical perspective.
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Briefly introduce the Punjab militancy as a major post-independence political and social challenge with national implications.
Body
- Factors behind the rise: Discuss the broad political, socio-economic and external factors that contributed to the emergence of militancy.
- Impact on nation-building: Explain how the militancy influenced India’s political system, federalism, social cohesion and democratic institutions.
Conclusion
Conclude by highlighting that the Punjab experience reinforced the importance of constitutional governance, democratic reconciliation and national integration in post-independence India.
