Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests
Q4. “The growing use of unilateral sanctions reflects the increasing fragmentation of the international order.” Explain the trend. Evaluate its impact on developing countries such as India. (15 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the question
The increasing use of unilateral sanctions by major powers has emerged as a significant feature of contemporary international relations, raising concerns regarding global governance, strategic autonomy and the interests of developing countries.
Key Demand of the question
The question requires explaining how the rise of unilateral sanctions reflects the fragmentation of the international order and evaluating their implications for developing countries such as India. It also requires suggesting suitable measures to address the challenges arising from this trend.
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Mention the growing use of sanctions as a tool of economic statecraft amid weakening multilateralism and geopolitical competition.
Body
- Fragmentation of international order: Explain how unilateral sanctions indicate declining multilateral consensus and increasing geopolitical polarisation.
- Impact on developing countries: Highlight the economic, strategic and diplomatic challenges faced by countries like India due to sanctions-driven disruptions.
- Way forward: Suggest measures related to multilateral reforms, diversification strategies and strengthening strategic resilience.
Conclusion
Conclude by emphasising the need for a balanced, rules-based and inclusive international order that safeguards the interests of both major and developing countries.
