Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes
Q3. “The future of welfare policy lies in building resilience rather than merely compensating losses.” Examine the institutional requirements for such a transition. (10 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: NIE
Why the question
Frequent climate, economic and health shocks have triggered debates on the need for welfare systems that enhance resilience rather than merely providing post-crisis compensation.
Key Demand of the question
The question requires examining the idea that welfare policy should focus on strengthening resilience and adaptive capacity. It also requires discussing the institutional requirements necessary for such a transition.
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Briefly mention the growing frequency of multidimensional shocks and the evolving role of welfare systems in safeguarding vulnerable populations.
Body
- Need for resilience-based welfare: Mention how welfare must move beyond temporary relief towards enhancing long-term adaptive capacity and risk management.
- Institutional coordination and preparedness: Discuss the need for integrated institutions, cooperative federalism, social security frameworks and anticipatory governance mechanisms.
Conclusion
Conclude by emphasising that resilient welfare architecture is essential for protecting development gains and achieving inclusive, sustainable governance in an era of recurring shocks.
