Source: PMI
Subject: Miscellaneous
Context: Prime Minister of India visited Gangtok, to participate in the closing ceremony of Sikkim’s year-long 50th Statehood celebrations.
About 50th Statehood Celebrations of Sikkim:
What it is?
- The 50th Statehood celebrations, which began in May 2025, commemorate five decades since Sikkim officially integrated with the Union of India in 1975. The event highlights Sikkim’s transition from a Himalayan kingdom to a leader in sustainable development.
Background of Sikkim:
- Establishment of the Kingdom: The Kingdom of Sikkim was established in 1642 with Phuntsong Namgyal as the first Chogyal (ruler).
- British Protectorate: In 1861, the Treaty of Tumlong established Sikkim as a British protectorate, serving as a buffer state against China and Nepal.
- Post-Independence Status: After 1947, Sikkim did not immediately accede to India. Instead, the 1950 Indo-Sikkim Treaty made it an Indian protectorate, granting India control over its defense, external affairs, and strategic communications while allowing internal autonomy.
Events Leading to Statehood
- Pro-Democracy Movements: The 1960s and 70s saw rising demand for political reforms and closer ties with India, led by parties like the Sikkim National Congress (SNC).
- Tripartite Agreement (1973): Following massive anti-monarchy protests that surrounded the royal palace, a tripartite agreement was signed between the Chogyal, the Indian government, and major political parties to introduce reforms.
- Referendum (1975): In a historic referendum held in April 1975, 59,637 voters (roughly 97.5% of those who voted) chose to abolish the monarchy and join India.
- Constitutional Amendment: Following the referendum, the Indian Parliament passed the 36th Amendment Act, officially recognizing Sikkim as the 22nd state of the Union on May 16, 1975.
Significance:
- Democratic Triumph: The statehood celebrations mark the successful transition from an absolute monarchy to a thriving participatory democracy.
- National Contribution: The Prime Minister noted that Sikkim’s cultural heritage and sustainable practices contribute significantly to national development.
