Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it
Q4. “India’s development challenge is shifting from poverty reduction to ensuring sustained economic mobility. Analyse the structural constraints limiting mobility. Outline policy measures to address them. (15 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the question
Rising concerns over inequality, jobless growth and the emergence of a vulnerable middle class have shifted focus from poverty reduction to economic mobility in India’s development discourse.Key Demand of the question
The question requires explaining how India’s development challenge is transitioning from poverty alleviation to ensuring sustained mobility, and analysing structural constraints behind this shift. It further demands outlining suitable policy measures to address these constraints.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Briefly highlight decline in poverty alongside rising vulnerability and need for mobility-centric development.Body
- Shift from poverty to mobility: Explain how reduction in poverty has not ensured stable economic advancement.
- Structural constraints: Identify key economic and labour market bottlenecks limiting upward mobility.
- Policy measures: Suggest broad reforms to enhance employment, income stability and human capital.
Conclusion
Provide a forward-looking line on transforming growth into inclusive and mobility-driven development.
