Topic: Linkages between development and spread of extremism
Q5. Examine the socio-economic and governance factors that sustain Maoist ideology. Assess why these issues persist despite policy interventions. Recommend multi-dimensional reforms to mitigate these persistent challenges. (15 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: NIE
Why the question
The declining intensity of Maoist insurgency alongside persistent socio-economic disparities makes it essential to examine deeper structural causes beyond security-centric narratives.Key Demand of the question
The question requires identifying core socio-economic and governance drivers sustaining Maoist ideology and explaining their persistence despite interventions, followed by suggesting broad multi-dimensional reforms.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Brief context linking decline in violence with persistence of structural grievances in LWE regions.
Body
- Drivers of Maoist ideology: Mention structural issues like inequality, marginalisation, governance deficit.
- Persistence despite interventions: Highlight implementation gaps and systemic limitations in policy approach.
- Reform measures: Suggest integrated, inclusive and decentralised reform approach.
Conclusion
Emphasise need for shifting from security dominance to structural justice-based governance.
