Topic: Environment & ecology Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation
Q5. What is eutrophication and how does it develop in aquatic ecosystems? Evaluate its ecological and economic impacts and enumerate the strategies required for its prevention and ecological restoration. (15 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the question
Rising incidents of lake pollution and algal blooms in India highlight eutrophication as a critical environmental governance issue requiring ecological and economic assessment.Key Demand of the question
The question requires explaining the concept and development process of eutrophication, followed by an evaluation of its ecological and economic impacts, and finally suggesting prevention and restoration strategies.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Define eutrophication briefly with its anthropogenic linkage and ecological significance.Body
- Concept and Process – Briefly explain eutrophication and its stagewise development in aquatic ecosystems.
- Ecological Impacts – Highlight consequences on biodiversity, oxygen levels, and ecosystem stability.
- Economic Impacts – Indicate effects on fisheries, water treatment costs, and tourism/livelihoods.
- Prevention and Restoration – Suggest regulatory, technological, and community-based strategies for control and recovery.
Conclusion
Emphasize need for integrated nutrient management and sustainable ecosystem restoration.
