Topic: devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
Q3. “Decentralisation without devolution leads to symbolic federalism.” Examine this statement in the context of local governance. Analyse the reasons for limited devolution. (10 M)
Difficulty Level: Easy
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the question
The issue of ineffective grassroots governance despite constitutional decentralisation has gained attention due to concerns over weak Panchayati Raj and Urban Local Bodies functioning highlighted in recent Finance Commission and MoPR reports.Key Demand of the question
The question requires examining the idea that mere decentralisation without real transfer of powers leads to symbolic federalism in local governance. It further demands analysing structural and political reasons behind inadequate devolution of functions, funds, and functionaries.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Briefly indicate constitutional vision of decentralisation under 73rd and 74th Amendments and contrast it with current limitations.Body
- Symbolic federalism due to lack of devolution: Show how absence of functional, fiscal and administrative autonomy weakens local governance.
- Reasons for limited devolution: Indicate factors like State reluctance, weak fiscal autonomy, capacity gaps and bureaucratic dominance.
Conclusion
Provide a forward-looking remark on strengthening real devolution and deepening grassroots democracy.
