UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 27 November 2025

Solution: A

Statement 1 is correct: Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur was born as Tyag Mal. He was the youngest son of the sixth Guru, Guru Hargobind Sahib. He displayed exceptional bravery and martial skills in the Battle of Kartarpur (1634), earning the title “Tegh Bahadur” (Brave of the Sword).

Statement 2 is incorrect: While Guru Tegh Bahadur composed 59 Shabads and 57 Shaloks across 15 Raagas, his hymns were added to the Guru Granth Sahib by the tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, not Guru Hargobind Sahib.

Solution: C

• Statement 1 is correct: According to Article 97 of the UN Charter, the Secretary-General is appointed by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council.
• Statement 2 is correct: The 15-member Security Council conducts straw polls (secret ballots). In later stages, color-coded ballots are used for the Permanent Five (P5) members to indicate whether a “discourage” vote constitutes a veto.
• For a recommendation to be passed to the General Assembly, a candidate needs at least 9 votes in the Security Council and no veto from any of the five permanent members (US, UK, China, Russia, France).

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is incorrect: This description matches “No separate legal tender” (like dollarization). A Conventional Fixed Peg is where a domestic currency is pegged to a major currency (or basket) within a narrow margin (<1%) around a central rate.
• Statement 2 is correct: In a Managed Float, the authority influences the exchange rate through intervention (usually to smooth volatility) but without a specific or announced path.
• Statement 3 is correct: Independently Floating regimes rely on market forces to set the rate, with intervention only to prevent disorderly market conditions.

Solution: C

• Option (c) is correct: The LCA Tejas was conceived in the 1980s specifically to replace the aging MiG-21 fleet. It is celebrated for being the lightest and smallest multi-role supersonic fighter in its class, using extensive carbon-fiber composites to reduce weight. It features 4.5-gen avionics like AESA radar.

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is correct: Post-independence, the area was administered as NEFA by the Governor of Assam acting as an agent of the President.
• Statement 2 is correct: On 21 January 1972, NEFA became the Union Territory of Arunachal Pradesh.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: The Shimla Convention (1914) delineated the McMahon Line, not the Radcliffe Line (which divides India and Pakistan). The McMahon line separated Tibet and NEFA.

Solution: A

• Statement I is correct: Article 99 of the UN Charter grants the Secretary-General the power to bring any matter threatening the maintenance of international peace and security to the attention of the Security Council. This is a key political role.
• Statement II is correct: The SG is the Chief Administrative Officer, heading the UN Secretariat. They supervise staff and manage budgets, including the core budget (~USD 3.7 billion) and the peacekeeping budget (~USD 5.6 billion).
• Statement III is incorrect: The term is 5 years and is renewable. The current SG, Antonio Guterres, is serving his second term. There is no strict legal limit on terms, though two terms is the convention.

Solution: B

• Statement I is correct: It is popularly called the “Land of the Rising Sun” because it lies in the extreme north-east and receives the first sun rays in India.
• Statement II is incorrect: Arunachal Pradesh shares international borders with Bhutan, China, and Myanmar. It does not share a border with Bangladesh (Assam and Meghalaya separate it).
• Statement III is correct: It is part of the Eastern Himalaya, featuring diverse terrain from low-lying foothills (hot and humid) to high peaks with alpine conditions.

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is correct: The IBCA acts as a central repository of best practices, research data, and conservation models, and its objectives include addressing habitat loss, prey depletion, poaching, and illegal wildlife trade.
• Statement 2 is correct: The IBCA is a Global coalition of 95 countries, which includes range & non-range countries, fulfilling the aim of pooling resources, funding, and technology widely.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: The IBCA’s mandate explicitly covers all seven major big cats, which includes the Jaguar and Puma, both of which are found outside the Asia-Africa landscape (in the Americas).

Solution: A

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The procedure is actually initiated by the outgoing CJI, who recommends the name of the successor to the Law Minister about a month before retirement. The Law Minister then processes it.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. While the seniority principle is the established convention (codified in the MoP), it is not explicitly mandated by Article 124 of the Constitution. Article 124 mentions appointment by the President after consultation with judges.
• Statement 3 is correct. The CJI holds the unique position of ‘Master of Roster’. This administrative power allows the CJI to allocate cases to different benches and decide the priority of listing, which is a significant aspect of the role beyond just being the presiding judge.

Solution: B

• Statement 1 is correct. The architecture involves orbiting satellites acting as intermediaries. They receive data from the aircraft’s dome antenna and relay it to a ground teleport station. This station is physically connected to the terrestrial fiber Internet backbone, completing the loop.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. Bandwidth constraints are a major limitation. The total data capacity is shared by all passengers on the plane (and often shared by the satellite among multiple planes). When many users stream or browse, speeds drop. The use of Ka-band improves capacity but does not make constraints “non-existent”.
• Statement 3 is correct. Network variability is an inherent issue. Factors such as the flight route (switching between satellite beams), weather conditions (rain fade), and satellite load (congestion) can all degrade performance and cause fluctuations in speed or connection stability.