Topic: Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone.
Q1. Describe the role of sea-surface temperature and latent heat in sustaining cyclones. Examine how climate change is altering cyclone characteristics in the North Indian Ocean. (10 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: IE
Why the question:
The recent Cyclone Montha and rising ocean temperatures highlight how sea-surface temperature and latent heat drive cyclone intensity, and how climate change is altering cyclone behaviour in the North Indian.Key Demand of the question:
Explain the scientific mechanism linking sea-surface temperature and latent heat to cyclone sustenance, and analyse with evidence how climate change is changing their frequency, track, and intensity in the North Indian Ocean.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:Begin with a concise definition of tropical cyclones and mention their thermodynamic dependence on warm oceans.
Body:
- Describe the role of sea-surface temperature and latent heat in cyclone formation and sustenance.
- Examine how climate change is modifying cyclone characteristics such as intensity, frequency, and landfall pattern in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea.
Conclusion:
End by emphasising the emerging pattern of “fewer but more intense” cyclones and the need for scientific monitoring and coastal resilience strategies.
