Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Q6. “Mass reforestation without biodiversity literacy may revive tree cover but not ecosystem function”. Explore the ecological pitfalls of non-specific afforestation strategies. Assess the role of biodiversity in ecological restoration. (10 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: DTE
Why the question:
In light of recent large-scale afforestation initiatives like Kerala’s Vithoot Programme, raising concerns about ecological suitability and long-term biodiversity impact.Key Demand of the question:
The answer must explore the ecological risks of generic afforestation approaches and assess the importance of biodiversity in ensuring meaningful ecological restoration.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction
Briefly highlight the gap between tree cover expansion and ecosystem recovery when biodiversity is not factored in.Body
- Mention key ecological risks of non-specific afforestation such as invasive species spread, habitat alteration, and loss of ecosystem services.
- Highlight how biodiversity enhances ecosystem resilience, soil and water health, and supports wildlife and human livelihoods.
Conclusion
Suggest that future restoration must be biodiversity-led, region-specific, and guided by ecological reference models.
