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General Studies – 1
Topic: Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues,
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: NIE
Why the Question:
Teenager alleges mother sold her for Rs 5 lakh, forced her into flesh trade in HaryanaKey Demand of the Question:
The answer must highlight the socio-economic factors that drive familial exploitation in trafficking cases and suggest preventive measures to curb such practices.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:
Explain familial exploitation in trafficking with a relevant fact or example, emphasizing the social vulnerabilities that enable it.
Body:
- Socio-economic factors: Mention key drivers like poverty, lack of education, gender bias, migration, and cultural stigma.
- Preventive measures: Highlight strategies such as child protection mechanisms, community awareness, economic empowerment, law enforcement reforms, and school retention programs.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a forward-looking remark, emphasizing the need for a multi-stakeholder approach combining social welfare and law enforcement for sustainable change.
Topic: Changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Reference: DTE
Why the Question:
Black carbon, a short-lived but highly potent climate pollutant, is responsible for nearly half of global warming to date, a new report has found. Scientists have warned that cutting black carbon emissions could be one of the fastest ways to slow climate change and mitigate extreme weather.
Key Demand of the Question:
The answer must analyze how black carbon pollution affects monsoon variability, examine its impact on agriculture and water security, and propose comprehensive mitigation strategies to address these challenges.
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:
Briefly define black carbon pollution and highlight its role as a potent climate pollutant with significant influence on regional weather patterns and glacial melt.Body:
- Linkage between black carbon pollution and monsoon variability: Explain how black carbon alters atmospheric heating, disrupts cloud formation, and shifts monsoon patterns.
- Implications for regional agriculture and water security: Highlight issues such as reduced crop yields, irrigation stress, soil degradation, and altered river flows.
- Comprehensive measures to mitigate these impacts: Suggest targeted interventions like clean energy adoption, brick kiln reforms, waste management improvements, and integrating black carbon targets into climate policies.
Conclusion:
Emphasize the need for integrated climate action combining policy interventions, technological upgrades, and community engagement to mitigate black carbon’s impact on South Asia’s monsoon system and ensure sustainable development.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the question:
Community-based health interventions have gained prominence in India’s healthcare framework, particularly in rural areas, where accessibility and affordability challenges persist. The question assesses both their impact and ways to improve their reach.Key demand of the question:
The question demands an evaluation of the effectiveness of community-based health interventions with specific emphasis on rural healthcare outcomes, followed by measures to improve their scalability.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:
Highlight the significance of community-based health interventions in improving rural healthcare, along with a brief mention of their growing relevance in public health strategies.
Body:
- Effectiveness: Discuss their impact in areas like maternal health, disease prevention, and awareness building, emphasizing improved healthcare outcomes.
- Challenges: Highlight issues like skill gaps, funding constraints, and social resistance that hinder their potential.
Conclusion:
Provide a forward-looking statement emphasizing the need for innovative, technology-driven, and locally tailored interventions for sustained rural healthcare improvement.
Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the question:
The Anganwadi system is pivotal in India’s maternal and child healthcare framework, yet persistent gaps necessitate urgent reforms to enhance its effectiveness.Key Demand of the question:
The answer must assess the Anganwadi system’s impact, identify gaps in service delivery, and suggest reforms for improved outcomes.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:
Briefly highlight the Anganwadi system’s role in improving maternal and child healthcare since its inception under the ICDS scheme (1975).Body:
- Impact of Anganwadi System: Discuss key achievements in nutrition, maternal health, early childhood education, and community engagement.
- Gaps in Service Delivery: Highlight issues like infrastructure gaps, worker training deficits, resource shortages, and monitoring challenges.
- Reforms for Improvement: Suggest measures such as infrastructure upgrades, capacity building, technology integration, and community participation.
Conclusion:
Emphasize the need for a holistic, technology-driven, and community-based approach to ensure sustainable improvements in maternal and child health outcomes.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the Question?
The government proposed to abolish the Equalisation Levy or digital tax on online advertisements as part of the 59 amendments to the Finance Bill 2025.
Key Demand of the Question
The question requires examining the significance of abolishing the Equalisation Levy, the challenges arising from this decision, and proposing strategies to maintain India’s tax revenue.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction:
Briefly introduce the Equalisation Levy’s purpose, its role in India’s tax framework, and the reason behind its removal.Body:
- Significance of Abolishing Equalisation Levy: Discuss how the move aligns India with OECD norms, reduces trade tensions, and promotes investment.
- Challenges Posed by the Decision: Highlight risks like revenue loss, tax evasion, and regulatory voids.
- Measures to Ensure Revenue Stability: Suggest steps such as enhancing GST on digital services, strengthening TDS mechanisms, and expediting OECD framework adoption.
Conclusion:
Conclude by emphasizing the need for India to adopt a balanced approach that aligns with global tax reforms while safeguarding its digital tax base.
Topic: Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Reference: PIB
Why the Question:
Researchers have developed a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) wherein flexible single crystals of an organic compound was used as the main component for the fabrication of a self-powered tactile sensor which was used to monitor finger joint movements.Key Demand of the Question:
The answer must explain the role of TENG in revolutionizing wearable biomedical devices and its specific contributions to enhancing healthcare monitoring systems.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:
Introduce TENG technology with a focus on its self-powered mechanism and relevance to biomedical innovations.
Body:
- Significance in wearable biomedical devices: Highlight TENG’s key advantages such as self-powered operation, flexibility, biocompatibility, and real-time data tracking.
- Contribution to improved healthcare monitoring systems: Discuss TENG’s role in enabling non-invasive monitoring, smart prosthetics, remote patient care, and precision tracking.
Conclusion:
Conclude by emphasizing TENG’s potential to improve personalized healthcare, reduce healthcare disparities, and enhance emergency care capabilities.
General Studies – 4
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the question:
The Delhi High Court issued a circular announcing that all judicial work from Justice Yashwant Varma, who is at the centre of a controversy following discovery of a large sum of burnt currency at his official residence here, has been withdrawn till further orders.Key Demand of the Question:
The question requires explaining how allegations can harm institutional credibility and identifying the ethical dilemmas involved in balancing public perception with procedural fairness.Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:
Define how allegations against public servants can affect institutional credibility, emphasizing the role of public trust in maintaining institutional strength.Body:
- Impact on institutional credibility: Discuss how allegations can erode trust, damage legitimacy, harm internal morale, delay reforms, or lead to political exploitation.
- Ethical dilemmas in balancing public perception and procedural fairness: Highlight dilemmas like presumption of innocence vs accountability, privacy concerns, leadership impartiality, and ensuring fair inquiries without undue public pressure.
Conclusion:
Emphasize the need for transparent protocols, swift yet fair investigations, and institutional safeguards to uphold public trust and justice.
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