Source: TH
Context: The Indian Ministry of Defence recently signed contracts worth ₹2,867 crore for integrating an indigenously developed Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) module and electronic heavyweight torpedoes on Scorpene-class submarines.
About Air Independent Propulsion System (AIP):
- Definition: AIP is a technology that allows conventional diesel-electric submarines to operate without surfacing or using a snorkel for oxygen.
- How it works:
- Uses fuel cells or other systems to generate electricity underwater.
- Carries liquid oxygen and either diesel, methanol, or hydrogen as fuel.
- Generates power through either electro-chemical cell (e.g., fuel cells) or heat engines.
- Features:
- Enhances underwater endurance significantly.
- Reduces vulnerability to detection during operation.
- Uses compact systems like fuel cells for efficiency and safety.
About Scorpene Class Submarines:
- What it is: A series of advanced diesel-electric attack submarines designed for stealth, endurance, and precision in maritime defence.
- Launched in: Built under Project-75 in collaboration with the French Naval Group since 2005.
- Features:
- Equipped with modern sensor suites and weapons systems.
- Modular design allows upgrades like AIP and advanced torpedoes.
- Includes six submarines: INS Kalvari, INS Khanderi, INS Karanj, INS Vela, INS Vagir (commissioned), and Vagsheer (in trials).
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