Topic: Ecosystems
Q5. “Wetlands are critical ecosystems that provide ecological and economic benefits”. Examine. (10 M)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the question
Wetlands play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation and sustainable development, but their degradation due to anthropogenic activities has highlighted the need for their ecological and economic significance to be examined.Key Demand of the question
The question requires an examination of the ecological benefits of wetlands in maintaining environmental balance and their economic contributions to livelihoods, disaster mitigation, and sustainable development.Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly explain the multifunctional nature of wetlands and their importance for ecological balance and human well-being, supported by relevant data or a report.Body
- Ecological benefits: Highlight the role of wetlands in water purification, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, flood control, and groundwater recharge.
- Economic benefits: Discuss their contributions to livelihoods, ecotourism, disaster risk reduction, agriculture, and fisheries.
Conclusion
Conclude by emphasizing the need for wetland conservation through legal frameworks like the Wetlands Rules, 2017, international agreements like the Ramsar Convention, and community-driven restoration initiatives for ensuring ecological sustainability and climate resilience.
