Source: DD News
Context: The International Criminal Court issued arrest warrants for the Israeli Prime Minister and his former defense chief, as well as a Hamas leader, for alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Gaza conflict.
About International Criminal Court (ICC):
- Establishment: Created by the Rome Statute in 1998; began operations in 2003.
- Headquarters: Located in The Hague, Netherlands.
- Purpose: Prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes of aggression.
- Membership: 123 countries recognize ICC authority; key non-members include the US, China, Russia, and India.
- Structure:
- Judges: 18 judges elected for non-renewable nine-year terms.
- Presidency: Comprises a President and two Vice-Presidents.
- Registry: Manages administrative and operational support.
- Jurisdiction:
- Covers crimes committed in member states or by nationals of member states.
- Operates only when national courts are unable or unwilling to act.
- Jurisdiction applies only to crimes committed after July 1, 2002.
- Relationship with UN:
- Not a UN body but cooperates through agreements.
- The UN Security Council can refer cases to the ICC if outside its jurisdiction.
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