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General Studies – 1
Topic: Important Geophysical phenomena
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: IE
Why the Question?
CO2 is one of the most important GHGs in the atmosphere and is the primary driver of anthropogenic climate change.
Key Demand of the Question
Define radiative forcing (RF) and its relevance to global warming. Compare CO2’s contribution to RF with other greenhouse gases. Highlight why CO2 is the primary driver despite other gases being more potent.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly mention CO2 as a major contributor.
Body
- Explain radiative forcing and how greenhouse gases trap heat.
- Discuss CO2’s role in contributing to RF through its abundance and longevity.
- Provide a comparative analysis with other gases like CH4 and HFCs in terms of potency, atmospheric abundance, and persistence.
Conclusion
Summarize the dominance of CO2 in driving global warming due to its sustained presence and cumulative emissions, stressing the need for mitigation.
Topic: Population and associated issues
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the Question?
A faculty member of the Government Medical College in Khammam, who is entrusted with preventing ragging, has been accused of humiliating a first-year student.
Key Demand of the Question
Examine the socio-cultural factors underpinning ragging in India. Address how societal hierarchies and bullying dynamics contribute to the problem. Propose effective and holistic measures to tackle ragging.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly define ragging and its societal significance. Link it to broader issues like societal hierarchies and normalized power imbalances.
Body
- Write few points about how ragging in educational institutions is a reflection of societal hierarchies and the normalization of bullying
- Analyze socio-cultural roots:-Explore societal structures that influence ragging. Highlight cultural aspects that normalize such behaviour. Discuss the role of biases and traditional practices in institutions.
- Suggest measures: – Indicate need for strict enforcement of rules. Highlight role of awareness and counselling. Suggest systemic changes and community involvement.
Conclusion
Emphasize the need for a cultural shift towards empathy and equality. Suggest the importance of sustained efforts in addressing root causes.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Salient features of Representation of People’s Act
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the Question
To assess the importance of delimitation under the Representation of People’s Act in ensuring equitable democratic representation in India.Key Demand of the Question
Address the significance of delimitation. Evaluate its impact in India’s democratic framework.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Define delimitation and its relevance in a democracy. Brief mention of its basis under the Representation of People’s Act.
Body
- Purpose and Importance: Write about the role in ensuring fair and proportional representation based on population.
- Impact on Democracy: Discuss -Redistribution of seats, addressing voter disparities, and strengthening federalism.
Conclusion
Emphasize delimitation as a tool for fostering equitable representation. Suggest reforms or periodic reviews to enhance its effectiveness in a dynamic democracy
Topic: Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the Question
To evaluate the performance of NALSA in providing free legal aid, examining its successes and limitations in ensuring access to justice for all.Key Demand of the Question
Highlight the achievements of NALSA in promoting legal aid. Analyze the gaps in its outreach and functioning. Provide a balanced critical perspective with a forward-looking conclusion.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly state the role of NALSA and its establishment under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, as a statutory body ensuring access to free legal aid.
Body
- Achievements: Suggest areas such as success in Lok Adalats, specific schemes for marginalized groups, and promoting legal literacy.
- Gaps in Functioning: Suggest areas like limited geographical outreach, lack of awareness among target groups, challenges in rural regions, and resource constraints.
- Write about what measures can be taken to improve its functioning
Conclusion
Stress the need for innovative reforms, enhanced funding, and targeted awareness to improve access to justice for vulnerable populations. Suggest a futuristic approach to expand NALSA’s outreach.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: IE
Why the Question?
The challenges in achieving India’s capital expenditure targets, emphasizing the need to address underlying structural and cyclical issues for economic growth and fiscal efficiency.
Key Demand of the Question
Analyze the structural and cyclical challenges behind slow capex in H1 FY25. Highlight their impact on fiscal performance and economic growth. Suggest measures to improve fiscal efficiency and meet budget targets.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Define capital expenditure and its role in driving economic growth. Mention the decline in capex in H1 FY25 and its underlying causes.
Body
- Structural challenges: – Highlight project delays, institutional inefficiencies, and weak coordination mechanisms.
- Cyclical challenges: – Discuss short-term issues like election disruptions, revenue slowdown, and global inflationary pressures.
- Measures to improve fiscal efficiency: – To Strengthen project execution and monitoring frameworks, Frontload expenditure and improve state-Centre coordination, Ensure innovative financing and revenue mobilization.
Conclusion
Emphasize the need to tackle structural bottlenecks while addressing cyclical challenges. Stress the importance of timely and efficient capex for sustainable economic growth.Top of Form
Topic: Disaster and disaster management.
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the Question?
On November 15 night, a massive fire, suspected to have started after a short-circuit in an extension board, claimed the lives of 10 infants admitted in the NICU while 39 others were rescued.
Key Demand of the Question
Examine the key factors leading to an increase in fire incidents in densely populated urban areas. Propose actionable strategies to mitigate the risk and minimize casualties.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly highlight the growing trend of fire incidents in urban high-density areas. Emphasize the risks posed to life, property, and infrastructure.
Body
- Causes of fire incidents: – Discuss systemic issues like poor urban planning, overcrowding, lack of compliance with fire safety norms, and aging infrastructure. Mention human factors like negligence, unregulated use of inflammable materials, and faulty electrical systems.
- Mitigation strategies: -Focus on strengthening fire safety regulations, ensuring compliance, and regular audits. Emphasize urban planning reforms, capacity building in fire services, and community awareness campaigns. Include technology-driven solutions like smart fire detection systems and GIS mapping of fire-prone zones.
Conclusion
Stress the importance of proactive and coordinated efforts by authorities, communities, and technology to reduce fire risks in urban areas. Highlight the need for sustainable urban planning to ensure long-term safety.
General Studies – 4
Q7. What does the following quotation convey to you in the present context? (10 M)
“The art of government is to make two-thirds of a nation content.”
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Why the Question
The question examines the role of governance in promoting collective well-being and balancing diverse interests to maintain harmony and satisfaction in society.Key Demand of the Question
Interpret quotation in the context of governance and ethics. Discuss the challenges and ethical responsibilities of the government in addressing diverse needs. Relate the quotation to contemporary governance issues, providing examples of inclusivity and conflict resolution.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly explain the essence of the quotation, highlighting the balance and inclusivity required in governance.
Body
- Interpretation of the quotation: Write about the Government’s role in ensuring satisfaction, inclusivity, and harmony among the majority while respecting minority rights.
- Ethical dimensions: Discuss about balancing competing demands, ensuring equity, and addressing social and economic disparities.
- Contemporary relevance: Examples of welfare policies, participatory governance, and conflict resolution in diverse societies.
Conclusion
Emphasize the importance of ethical leadership and inclusive governance in fostering collective well-being and societal harmony. Suggest how governments can strive for equitable satisfaction while safeguarding minority voices.
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