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General Studies – 1
Topic: Effects of globalization on Indian society
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the Question
An unhealthy lifestyle and the influence of globalisation are silently shaping a major global health issue
Key Demand of the Question
Analyze the role of globalization in altering lifestyles in India. Explain the link between these lifestyle shifts and the rising prevalence of NCDs. Provide a critical perspective on the impacts of globalization, considering both positive and negative outcomes.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly define globalization and introduce its influence on lifestyle changes in India.
Body
- Link Between Globalization and Lifestyle Changes: Describe how globalization has transformed diets, work patterns, and leisure activities in India.
- Impact on Health Outcomes: Outline how these lifestyle changes contribute to the increase in NCDs like diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases.
- Positive Aspects: Increased access to healthcare technology and awareness of global health practices.
Conclusion
Suggest the need for balanced policies that mitigate the negative health effects of globalization while promoting healthier lifestyle choices
Topic: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present -significant events, personalities, issues
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: PIB
Why the Question
Union Minister for Youth Affairs & Sports and Labour & Employment, Undertakes Bhagwan Birsa Munda ‘Maati Ke Veer’ Padyatra.
Key Demand of the Question
Identify and explain the socio-economic grievances that fuelled the Munda Rebellion. Describe Birsa Munda’s ideological influence and leadership in shaping the tribal resistance.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly introduce the Munda Rebellion as a significant tribal uprising against British colonial and feudal oppression in 1899-1900.
Body
- Socio-Economic Factors Leading to the Rebellion-Briefly outline the economic hardships (land issues, exploitation) and cultural suppression faced by the Munda community under colonial rule.
- Birsa Munda’s Ideology and Leadership-Summarize Birsa’s role in unifying the community, promoting tribal identity, and organizing a resistance focused on self-rule and cultural revival.
Conclusion
Conclude with Birsa Munda’s role as a symbol of tribal unity and resistance, noting the rebellion’s legacy in inspiring later tribal movements in India.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the question:
To analyze the comparative nature of federalism in India and the United States, focusing on the distinctive distribution of powers and the challenges arising from it.Key Demand of the question:
Comparison between the federalism of the United States and India, specifically regarding the division of powers. Assessment of challenges specific to India’s federal structure.
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction:
Briefly introduce federalism as a governance model and mention the contrasting nature of federalism in India (quasi-federal) and the U.S. (classic federal). State the basis of power distribution in each constitution.Body:
- Comparison of Power Allocation: Outline how power is allocated in India (Union-centric with a stronger center) compared to the U.S. (more balanced power distribution). Mention the Union, State, and Concurrent Lists in India versus the dual federalism in the U.S.
- Challenges in India’s Federal Structure: Highlight issues such as central dominance, limited state autonomy in key areas, fiscal dependency, and conflicts over legislative powers.
- What measures can be taken to address these challenges.
Conclusion
Conclude with the importance of balancing central authority with state autonomy in India’s federal structure, noting potential reforms to address challenges and ensure cooperative federalism.
Topic: Basic Structure
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: InsightsIAS
Why the question
To assess the understanding of the basic structure doctrine, its role in maintaining constitutional integrity, and how recent judicial decisions have applied this principle.Key Demand of the Question
Explain the importance of the basic structure doctrine, providing examples of recent judicial interpretations that underscore its relevance in preserving the Indian Constitution’s core principles.Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly define the basic structure doctrine and mention its origin in the Kesavananda Bharati case, highlighting its purpose to prevent Parliament from amending essential constitutional elements.Body
- Outline key features considered part of the basic structure, such as democracy, federalism, secularism, and judicial review. Discuss the significance of the doctrine in balancing constitutional flexibility with stability.
- Mention recent cases where the Supreme Court invoked the basic structure doctrine, emphasizing how it protected democratic values, fundamental rights, or judicial independence.
Conclusion
Conclude by reaffirming the doctrine’s role in upholding the sanctity and identity of the Indian Constitution while adapting to changing societal needs.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources,
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the Question
In recent years, municipal corporations have experienced a significant rise in their tax revenue share, marking progress toward enhanced financial autonomy and more resilient urban governance.
Key Demand o the Question
Identify and explain the challenges in enhancing own-tax revenue for municipal corporations. Highlight opportunities available to improve their revenue generation. Suggest strategic measures to strengthen financial robustness and ensure efficient urban services.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly introduce the importance of own-tax revenue for municipal corporations’ financial independence and effective urban governance.
Body
- Challenges in Enhancing Own-Tax Revenue-Outline key challenges, such as limited taxing powers, collection inefficiencies, and dependence on state and central transfers.
- Opportunities for Revenue Enhancement-Mention potential opportunities, like leveraging property tax, expanding the tax base, and using digital tools for revenue collection.
- Strategic Measures for Financial Robustness-Suggest measures for improving financial health, such as reforms in property tax, implementing user charges, and adopting technology for efficient collection and transparency.
Conclusion
Emphasize the need for empowering municipal corporations through sustainable revenue streams, ensuring autonomy and accountability in urban governance.
Topic: Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the Question
Exports help strengthen India’s economy by increasing revenue but the rapid surge in exports poses multiple challenges to the sustainability of production, processing, and distribution systems.
Key Demand of the Question
Discuss specific sustainability challenges, such as water use, soil degradation, and biodiversity loss. Analyze the environmental impacts associated with high-demand export crops. Highlight possible sustainable practices or policy suggestions.
Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly introduce export-oriented agriculture and its role in India’s economy, noting the rising demand for high-value crops.
Body
- Sustainability Challenges-Discuss the broader sustainability challenges these crops pose, including the strain on natural resources and the risk to ecosystem health
- Environmental Impact of High-Demand Crops-Outline the environmental concerns related to the cultivation of high-demand crops for export, focusing on resource use and ecological impacts.
- In brief what measures needs to be taken to tackle the situation.
Conclusion
Conclude with the importance of balancing export growth with sustainable practices, suggesting a shift towards resource-efficient and diversified cropping systems.
General Studies – 4
Difficulty Level: Medium
Reference: TH
Why the Question
To examine the ethical dimensions of advertising in sensitive sectors like education and healthcare, where consumer trust is critical. It also assesses how honesty in advertising affects public welfare.Key Demand of the Question
Explain the ethical implications of false advertising in trust-dependent sectors and highlight how truthful and transparent advertising positively influences public welfare.Structure of the Answer
Introduction
Briefly define false advertising and its ethical concerns, especially in sectors with vulnerable consumers.Body
- Outline the ethical implications of false advertising, including consumer exploitation, breach of trust, and harm to vulnerable groups.
- Discuss how truth and transparency in advertising build credibility, enhance consumer rights, and foster informed decision-making.
Conclusion
Conclude by emphasizing the importance of ethical advertising in building a fair society and protecting consumer rights, with a forward-looking statement on promoting accountability and integrity in advertising.
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