Syllabus: Science and Technology
Source: Sansad TV
Context: India aims to become a global leader in 6G technology by 2030 through the Bharat 6G Mission. The initiative builds on the success of 5G deployment, covering 98% of districts in just 21 months.
Features of 6G Technology:
- Terahertz (THz) Frequencies: 6G will use waves in the THz range, capable of carrying significantly more data than 5G.
- Massive MIMO: Supports numerous devices and connections using multiple antennas for better data transmission and reception.
- Network Slicing: Enables creating smaller, specialized networks for distinct traffic types, like video streaming or automation.
- Enhanced Security: Employs advanced encryption and authentication methods to safeguard sensitive data and applications.
- Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC): Ensures extremely low latency, supporting mission-critical applications like industrial automation and VR/AR.
- Integrated Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IIRS): Enhances signal strength and quality in areas with poor reception.
- High-Speed Data Transfer: Enables faster communication and data rates over hundreds of GHz or THz frequencies.
Steps taken by the government on 6G:
- Bharat 6G Vision and Strategy:
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- Vision Statement: Design, develop, and deploy 6G technologies for secure, intelligent, and pervasive connectivity globally.
- Core Principles: Affordability, sustainability, and ubiquity, aligned with the national vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India).
- Goals:
- Facilitate R&D in 6G technologies through startups, companies, and universities.
- Develop affordable 6G telecom solutions.
- Enable global IP and patent contributions from India.
- Enhance quality of life through transformative applications.
- Technology Innovation Group (TIG) on 6G:
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- Established on November 1, 2021, to develop a roadmap for 6G in India.
- Constituted six task forces focusing on:
- Multidisciplinary solutions.
- Spectrum management.
- Devices and networks.
- International standards.
- Funding for R&D.
- Bharat 6G Alliance:
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- A collaboration of domestic industry, academia, and research institutions.
- Focuses on 5G advancements, 6G product development, and patent generation.
- Aligns with global alliances like the Next G Alliance (US), 6G Flagship (Finland), and South Korea’s 6G Forum.
Applications of 6G Technology:
| Application Area | Description |
| Healthcare | Enables real-time patient monitoring with AI-connected devices and intelligent ambulances. |
| Agriculture | Uses IoT and AI for predictive systems, crop health monitoring, and optimized irrigation. |
| Defense & Internal Security | Enhances surveillance, dynamic battlefield communication, and unmanned operations using advanced localization. |
| Disaster Response | Provides instant, high-volume communication and precision networks for emergency coordination. |
| Transportation | Facilitates urban air mobility and intelligent traffic management with ultra-low latency. |
| Education | Supports remote learning with high-speed video transfer and immersive AR/VR-enabled classrooms. |
| Metaverse | Enables 3D holographic displays and seamless virtual interactions with ultra-reliable connectivity. |
| Industrial Automation | Powers smart factories with real-time data transfer and xURLLC (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications) for enhanced operational efficiency. |
| Smart Cities | Enhances IoT connectivity for efficient urban infrastructure and real-time monitoring. |
| Entertainment & Media | Improves streaming quality, gaming experiences, and immersive content delivery with higher bandwidth. |
| Environmental Monitoring | Facilitates real-time data collection from sensors for better resource management and conservation. |
Challenges associated with 6G technology:
- Technical complexity: Advanced components and subsystems increase the complexity of development and deployment.
- Infrastructure deployment: Requires massive investment and regulatory support for infrastructure upgrades.
- Spectrum allocation: Limited spectrum availability poses challenges for allocation amid competing demands.
- Security concerns: High-speed data transmission increases vulnerability to cyber-attacks, necessitating robust security measures.
- Standardization issues: Achieving global consensus on standards for interoperability can be time-consuming and contentious.
- Global collaboration: Ensuring international cooperation among stakeholders for technological and regulatory alignment.
Conclusion:
India’s 6G mission embodies a forward-looking approach to digital innovation, ensuring the nation remains a global technology leader. Through strategic investments, international collaborations, and inclusive policies, India can harness 6G to drive socio-economic growth and global connectivity.
Quotes from minister speech on 6G: (USE THESE IN ESSAY AND CONCLUSION TO FETCH MORE MARKS)
- “India followed the world in 4G, we marched with the world in 5G, but we shall lead the world in 6G.”
- India is resolved to lead the world in 6G as the telecom sector of the country is ‘aggressive’ and ‘ambitious.’
Insta Links:
PYQ:
- Which of the following is/are the aims/aims of the “Digital India” Plan of the Government of India? (UPSC-2018)
- Formation of India’s own Internet companies like China did.
- Establish a policy framework to encourage overseas multinational corporations that collect Big Data to build their large data centres within our national geographical boundaries.
- Connect many of our villages to the Internet and bring Wi-Fi to many of our schools, public places and major tourist centres.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: b)
