UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice – Insights SECURE: 9 October 2024

UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice
UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice

 

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present significant events

Q1. Examine the political and social repercussions of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre on the Indian independence movement. How did this incident transform the nature of the struggle against British colonial rule? (15 M)

Difficulty Level: Medium

Reference: InsightsIAS

Why the question

The question seeks to analyze the impact of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre on the Indian independence movement.

Key Demand of the question

The key demand is to examine the immediate and long-term political and social consequences of the massacre and to understand its role in transforming the Indian nationalist movement.

Structure of the Answer:

Introduction

Briefly mention the Jallianwala Bagh massacre as a turning point in Indian history.

Body

  • Political Repercussions: Suggest the shift in Indian leaders’ stance from moderate approaches to more radical demands for self-rule.
  • Social Repercussions: Mention the effect on the Indian masses, including widespread outrage, nationalistic fervor, and the loss of faith in British justice.
  • Highlight the rise in revolutionary activities and how the incident united Indians across various sections of society.

Conclusion

Write about how the massacre led to a significant transformation in the Indian independence movement, marking a shift towards non-cooperation and mass civil disobedience against colonial rule.

 

Topic : Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.

Q2. Analyze the key factors responsible for India’s defeat in the 1962 war with China. Discuss the major reforms that were implemented in the aftermath of the conflict. (10 M)

Difficulty Level: Medium

Reference: InsightsIAS

Why the question
To analyze the factors that led to India’s defeat in the 1962 war with China and examine the reforms that were introduced afterward to strengthen India’s defense preparedness.

Key Demand of the question
The answer should address the reasons for India’s defeat in the 1962 war, focusing on strategic, military, and political aspects. It should also highlight the key reforms implemented in the defense sector post-war.

Structure of the Answer:

Introduction:
Briefly mention the context of the 1962 war and India’s unpreparedness.

Body:

  • Factors responsible for India’s defeat: Focus on strategic miscalculations, military unpreparedness, intelligence failures, leadership issues, and external factors.
  • Major reforms post-war: Touch on the expansion of armed forces, defense budget increases, institutional restructuring (creation of new commands or agencies), and modernization efforts.

Conclusion
Summarize the significance of the reforms in strengthening India’s defense and preventing future conflicts.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities

Q3. “As the guardian of public funds, the CAG must balance oversight and interference”. Critically examine the balance between the CAG’s mandate to audit government finances and its role in promoting efficient governance. (15 M)

Difficulty Level: Medium

Reference: TOI

Why the Question

IOA president PT Usha denies financial loss allegations made in CAG report

Key Demand of the Question

The answer must critically examine how the CAG balances its constitutional mandate to audit government finances while playing a role in promoting efficient governance, without overstepping into policy-making.

Structure of the Answer:

Introduction

Briefly introduce the CAG’s constitutional mandate as the guardian of public funds, highlighting its core role in auditing and ensuring transparency in government finances.

Body:

  • Explain the CAG’s mandate, emphasizing its constitutional role and responsibilities.
  • Discuss the concept of “oversight vs interference,” indicating where the CAG must draw the line.
  • Analyze contemporary examples of the CAG’s involvement in auditing government projects and their impact on governance.
  • Provide a balanced view of challenges and opportunities in its evolving role to promote efficiency.

Conclusion

Write about the importance of maintaining this delicate balance to ensure transparency without undermining the executive’s decision-making powers. Suggest possible reforms, if needed, for better governance outcomes.

 

Topic: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate

Q4. How has the WHO contributed to improving public health systems in developing countries? Examine its initiatives and the challenges it faces in addressing health disparities. (10 M)

Difficulty Level: Medium

Reference: TH

Why the Question

India pledges $250 million for traditional medicine centre; part of $300 million contribution to WHO for 2025-2028

Key Demand of the Question

The answer must highlight WHO’s contributions, examine specific initiatives aimed at improving public health systems, and address the challenges the organization faces in reducing health disparities in developing countries.

Structure of the Answer:

Introduction: Briefly introduce the WHO’s overarching role in global health and its focus on strengthening public health systems in developing countries.

Body:

  • Discuss WHO’s key initiatives and programs (e.g., Universal Health Coverage, disease control initiatives, maternal and child health programs).
  • Mention partnerships with national governments and other international agencies.
  • Highlight the challenges, such as limited resources, healthcare infrastructure gaps, and regional disparities in health outcomes.

Conclusion:

Conclude with the importance of WHO’s role in bridging health inequities and suggest the need for continued collaboration and innovation to overcome the challenges it faces in developing countries.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources

Q5. “The Indian textile industry is at a crossroads, facing both global and domestic challenges”. Critically analyze the reasons for the slowdown in the Indian textile sector and suggest comprehensive measures to revive its growth trajectory. (15 M)

Difficulty Level: Medium

Reference: TH

Why the Question

Union Minister for Textiles recently said that the Indian textile and apparel sector is aiming for a total business of $350 billion annually by 2030, which is to generate 3.5 crore jobs. However, the industry went through a tumultuous phase during the last two financial years.

Key Demand of the Question

The answer must critically analyze the factors leading to the recent slowdown in the Indian textile sector and suggest comprehensive measures to overcome these challenges and ensure long-term growth.

Structure of the Answer:

Introduction

Briefly introduce the significance of the textile industry in the Indian economy, noting its contribution to employment, exports, and GDP. Mention the recent slowdown and the challenges it faces.

Body:

  • Discuss the domestic factors affecting the industry (e.g., high raw material costs, policy issues, labor challenges).
  • Analyze the global factors contributing to the slowdown (e.g., geopolitical tensions, declining demand, competition from other nations).
  • Highlight specific challenges for MSMEs, exports, and sustainability requirements.
  • Suggest comprehensive measures for revival, including policy reforms, technological upgrades, and global market strategies.

Conclusion

Summarize the need for a multi-pronged approach to address both domestic and international challenges, emphasizing the role of government support, industry collaboration, and innovation in reviving the sector.

 

Topic: Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers

Q6. “The Global Digital Compact seeks to harness digital technologies for the common good.” In light of this statement, analyze the role of GDC in addressing the digital divide and promoting global digital cooperation. (10 M)

Reference: TH

Why the Question

In the recently concluded ‘Summit of the Future’ organised by the United Nations, member countries adopted the ‘Global Digital Compact’ (GDC)

Key Demand of the Question

The answer must examine how the GDC contributes to reducing the digital divide and fostering international cooperation in digital governance.

Structure of the Answer:

Introduction

Briefly introduce the Global Digital Compact and its objective to harness digital technologies for the common good, emphasizing the significance of addressing the digital divide and promoting global cooperation.

Body:

  • Discuss the digital divide and how GDC aims to reduce it through initiatives like promoting digital public goods and ensuring access to digital infrastructure.
  • Analyze the GDC’s role in global digital cooperation, highlighting its focus on data governance, AI regulation, and encouraging multilateral collaboration.
  • Mention key challenges in achieving these goals, such as digital sovereignty and the need for stronger global frameworks.

Conclusion

Write about the importance of GDC in bridging the digital divide and fostering global cooperation, emphasizing the need for collective efforts to ensure equitable digital access and governance.Top of Form

 


General Studies – 4


 

Q7. Examine the ethical challenges posed by the commercialization of marriages in vulnerable societies. How can integrity and moral responsibility be reinforced in such cases? (10 M)

Difficulty Level: Medium

Reference: ET

Why the question

Prevalent practise in Hyderabad in which many young girls are married off to rich sheikhs from the Gulf nations. Now, the process has moved online.

Key Demand of the question
The answer should identify the ethical issues linked to the commodification of marriage, focusing on exploitation, human dignity, and the role of intermediaries.

Structure of the Answer:

Introduction
Briefly introduce the issue of marriage commercialization in vulnerable societies, linking it to ethical concerns like exploitation and violation of dignity.

Body:

  • Ethical challenges posed: Discuss the ethical principles of autonomy, justice, and human dignity that are compromised due to exploitation and commodification of individuals.
  • Reinforcing integrity and moral responsibility: Suggest broad measures such as ethical governance, promoting empathy and social justice, strengthening legal protections, and encouraging accountability in communities and institutions.

Conclusion
Emphasize the need for a collective ethical approach to safeguard vulnerable individuals and uphold their dignity.

 

UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice-9-Oct-2024

 


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