75 Days Mains Revision Plan 2024
Q1. Mention the components of the ‘SMART-PDS’ initiative. How is it helping reform the Public Distribution System in India? (10M)
Introduction:
The Scheme for Modernization and Reforms through Technology in the Public Distribution System (SMART-PDS) is a comprehensive initiative launched by the Indian government to reform the existing PDS by addressing inefficiencies, reducing leakages, and ensuring transparency in the distribution of subsidized food grains.Body:
Key Components of SMART-PDS:
- One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC): Enables beneficiaries to access subsidized food grains anywhere in India.
- Technology-Driven Reforms: Continuation of PDS digitization to reduce leakages.
- Infrastructure Interventions: Upgrading PDS infrastructure for efficiency.
- Standardization and Integration: Integration with various systems like FCI and UIDAI for better targeting.
- Data-Driven Decision Making: Using data analytics to assess needs and improve distribution.
How SMART-PDS is Helping Reform the PDS:
- Reduced Leakages and Corruption: Biometric verification reduces diversion and pilferage.
- Improved Efficiency and Transparency: Real-time data tracking ensures transparency.
- Empowerment and Flexibility: ONORC allows beneficiaries to access rations across India.
- Enhanced Policymaking: Data-driven insights help improve policy decisions.
- Sustainable Reforms: Ongoing updates ensure adaptability and continuous improvements.
Conclusion:
SMART-PDS is transforming the Public Distribution System by making it more transparent, efficient, and equitable. However, challenges like digital literacy and rural connectivity need to be addressed for the initiative to reach its full potential.
Q2. Agrarian reforms play a crucial role in driving socio-economic change in India, serving as pivotal tools for the transformation and modernization of agriculture. Discuss. (15M)
Introduction:
Since independence, agrarian reforms have been a cornerstone of rural development in India, addressing issues such as land inequality, farmer welfare, and the modernization of agriculture.Body:
Need for Agrarian Reforms in India:
- Land Redistribution: To reduce land inequality and empower landless farmers.
- Improved Access to Credit: Providing affordable credit to small farmers.
- Enhanced Agricultural Productivity: Modern techniques like the Green Revolution.
- Sustainable Farming Practices: Promotion of organic farming and soil preservation.
- Market Access and Fair Prices: e-NAM and other initiatives for better market access.
- Risk Mitigation and Insurance: Schemes like Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY).
Agrarian Reforms’ Role in Driving Socio-Economic Change:
- Land Redistribution: Reducing poverty and inequality in rural areas.
- Improved Credit Access: Enhancing farmers’ economic stability.
- Promotion of Farmer Cooperatives: Empowering farmers with fair prices and market access.
- Agricultural Insurance: Providing financial security to farmers.
- Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT): Improving farmers’ economic status.
- Rural Infrastructure Development: Enhancing connectivity and access to markets.
Agrarian Reforms as Pivotal Tools for Agricultural Modernization:
- Green Revolution: Increased productivity through advanced techniques.
- Water Management: Efficient irrigation practices improving crop yields.
- Technological Advancements: Digital technologies enhancing agricultural practices.
- Crop Diversification: Promoting high-value crops for increased income.
- Organic Farming: Encouraging sustainable and eco-friendly farming.
- Skill Development: Training farmers in modern agricultural practices.
Conclusion:
Agrarian reforms have significantly uplifted the rural population, reduced inequality, and modernized agriculture in India. Continued reforms are essential for achieving sustainable and self-reliant agricultural growth.
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