75 Days Mains Revision Plan 2024 – Agriculture
Agriculture
Topic: Agriculture Policies
Q1. How do subsidies impact the choices farmers make regarding their cropping patterns and crop diversity? Illustrate with examples. 10M
Difficulty level: Moderate
Key Demand of the question: To analyze how subsidies influence farmers’ decisions on cropping patterns and crop diversity, including both positive and negative impacts, supported by examples.
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction: Introduce the concept of agricultural subsidies and their role in supporting farmers and influencing cropping decisions.
Body:
- Positive Impacts:
- Increased production and food security: e.g., subsidies for rice and wheat in India.
- Income stability for farmers: e.g., Minimum Support Price (MSP) for certain crops.
- Encouraging risk management: e.g., subsidies on crop insurance premiums.
- Promoting crop rotation and diversification: e.g., subsidies on micro-irrigation systems.
- Negative Impacts:
- Promotion of monoculture: e.g., dominance of rice and wheat in India.
- Neglect of non-subsidized crops: leading to reduced crop diversity.
- Excessive use of inputs: e.g., fertilizer subsidies leading to ecological imbalances.
- Market distortions: impacting crop choices and sustainability.
- Environmental concerns: unsustainable practices encouraged by certain subsidies.
Conclusion: Summarize the need for balanced subsidy policies that ensure food security, support farmer livelihoods, and promote sustainable agricultural practices.
Topic: Government Schemes
Q2. Despite challenges, PM KISAN has played a significant role in addressing agrarian concerns and fostering rural growth. Critically examine the statement. 15M
Difficulty level: Moderate
Key Demand of the question: To critically analyse the role of PM KISAN in addressing agrarian issues and promoting rural development, highlighting both achievements and challenges.
Structure of the Answer:
Introduction: Introduce PM KISAN, its objectives, and its implementation since its launch.
Body:
- Role in Addressing Agrarian Concerns:
- Income stability: e.g., providing regular income support to farmers.
- Debt relief: e.g., helping farmers repay loans and reducing financial burden.
- Reducing input costs: e.g., aiding in purchasing seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides.
- Boosting agricultural activities: e.g., investment in better farming practices.
- Role in Fostering Rural Growth:
- Increased purchasing power: e.g., stimulating local markets.
- Investment in local businesses: e.g., promoting non-agricultural economic activities.
- Agricultural value addition: e.g., investment in value-added products and diversification.
- Challenges:
- Limited beneficiary reach: e.g., exclusion of tenant farmers and landless laborers.
- Structural and scope limitations: e.g., inadequate financial support relative to needs.
- Market distortions: e.g., potential negative impacts on cropping patterns.
- Awareness and accessibility issues: e.g., low awareness among eligible farmers.
- Inclusion of non-genuine beneficiaries: e.g., landowners rather than active farmers.
Conclusion: Summarize the overall impact of PM KISAN, acknowledging its significant role while highlighting the need for improvements to ensure broader and more effective coverage.
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