Topic:Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
5. The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework represents a critical step towards reversing the global biodiversity crisis. However, its success hinges on overcoming significant challenges across the world. Discuss. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
The fourth meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Implementation (SBI4) ended without finalisation of recommendations to be presented at the 16th Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP16) being held in Cali, Columbia in October this year.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and challenges in its implementation.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of COP15.
Body:
First, write about Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and its components.
Next, write in detail about the various takeaways from the COP15 – 30×30 initiative, Conservation, protection and restoration, Monitoring and reporting progress, Pollution and pesticides, Harmful subsidies etc.
Next, write about the challenges in achieving the above and measures that needs to be taken to achieve the above targets.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
