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General Studies – 1
Topic: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.
Key Demand of the question:
To write how Quit India movement was different from the previous mass movements and how it more anti-imperialist than others.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Give the context of political scene of the country that led to the launch of Quit India movement
Body:
Write about the factors that made the movement stand apart from other struggles or movements against the Imperial rule, on lines of, Gandhi’s strategy, emergence of new leaders, Violence, Princely States, new developments and mass involvement etc and the way it aligned the local interest with that of national interest.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning that the much-needed impetus towards conclusion to the national freedom struggle can be credited to the Quit India movement.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, the conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the issues and give solutions to improve the role of Parliamentary Standing Committees.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by briefly mentioning about standing committees.
Body:
First, write about the mandate and their functioning – discuss laws and policies by analysing them in-depth, non-partisanship, track government expenditure, scrutinise policies and bills and seek expert advice, consensus-building among parties etc.
Next, write why the number of bills sent to the standing committees has reduced in recent years. Cite facts/data/examples to support your answer e.g. – reduced sitting, pandemic, less attendance, partisanship etc – cite stats to substantiate your points.
Next, suggest ways to overcome them.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes;
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article discusses the issue of reservations and its impact.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about causes for demand for reservation and its impact and role of reservation in ending inequalities.
Directive word:
Structure of the answer:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the various historical, economic, and political factors that fuelled the demand for reservation by backward communities in India.
Next, write about the impact of the above – resource allocation, social harmony, and economic efficiency etc.
Next, write about the role of reservation in reducing inequalities. Its potential and limitations.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced opinion.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India.
Why the question:
Scientists have said they used a human gene editing tool, CRISPR-Cas9, to restore vision in people with a rare form of inherited or congenital blindness.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the gene editing technology is with its potential applications in various fields and ways to make it affordable.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with what you understand by Gene editing technology.
Body:
In the first part, write about the process of gene editing technology with a brief diagram.
Next, write about the possible advantages of Gene editing and cite examples to substantiate.
Next, write about the limitations of the above especially with respect to high costs. Suggest steps to make it more affordable.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Disaster and disaster management.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
Some US cities are beginning to take steps toward incorporation of sponge city concepts into their stormwater management plans, but most of these projects are still pilots.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various causes of urban floods and ways to mitigate them and role of sponge in it.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by explaining what is urban flood.
Body:
Next, Mention the man-made causes of urban floods such as lake bed encroachments, deforestation etc.
Next, write about the natural causes of urban floods.
Next, mention the need for a city wise strategic approach and role of sponge cities – explain the concept of sponge cities, its potential and limitations.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write the how virtues lead to eudaimonia.
Directive:
Explain – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In the introduction, given brief of major aspects of virtue ethics.
Body:
Explain the detail the link between having virtues and that leading eudaimonia. Substantiate with the various views of philosophers like Plato, Aristotle etc and with examples.
Next, mention the ways to achieve eudaimonia with the practise of virtue ethics.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance;
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about role of rights leading to ethical behaviour.
Directive:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by describing what you understand by the concept rights in modern day.
Body:
Elaborate on how the moral rights aids in deciding what right from is wrong. Use examples to substantiate your points. Example, Rights Theory that obligates us to respect the rights of others and live up to our obligations towards them.
Conclusion:
Complete by summarising.
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