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General Studies – 1
Topic: Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent);
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
Amid rising safety concerns among Indian seafarers following the recent attacks on commercial ships in sensitive geographical areas such as the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz, India submitted three papers to the 111th Session of the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) Legal Committee (LEG).
Key Demand of the question:
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing a statistic related to Indian shipping industry.
Body:
First, write about the contributions of India to global shipping industry – Seafarers, Shipbuilding, Port Operations, Maritime Services and Logistics and Supply Chain etc.
In the next part, write about the major issues faced by Indian shipping industry and measures needed to overcome them.
Conclusion:
Write a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
In the past decade, improving sanitation coverage has been one of the key public policy miracles in India.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the successes and limitations of Swachh Bharat Mission in making India ODF free.
Directive:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a brief about aims of Swachh Bharat Mission
Body:
First, in brief, write about the major components of Swachh Bharat Mission
Next, write about achievements of Swachh Bharat Mission – constructing over 100 million household toilets in rural India, providing over 99% of households with access to toilets, raising public awareness about the importance of cleanliness and sanitation, investing in basic sanitation infrastructure etc.
Next, write about the shortcomings of Swachh Bharat Mission – sustainability of the infrastructure and behavioural change it has created, the substantial funding required to construct sanitation infrastructure, limited attention to waste management, an urban-rural divide in achieving its goals etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to overcome the above limitations.
General Studies – 3
Topic: issues relating to intellectual property rights.
Difficulty: Tough
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Narendra Modi government has notified amendments to the rules governing India’s Patent Act.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the issues with the granting of patents and the need for a balanced approach regarding it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Give a brief introduction of what is Patent.
Body:
Write about its significance to India with respect to – Incentivizing Innovation, Promoting Competition, Profits etc.
Next, list down a few issues regarding patents in india- access to essential goods and services, technology transfer, public domain, social and environmental impact.
Then, suggest solutions for it.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Security challenges and their management in border areas – linkages of organized crime with terrorism.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the challenges of border management and the strategies India has employed to tackle such challenges.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by highlighting that India shares borders with several countries, a few of those countries don’t share good relations with India making the task of border management challenging.
Body:
First, Discuss the challenges with respect to border security – non-demarcated boundaries with overlapping, Unilateral actions by some nations to change the status quo in their favour, Misuse of borders (especially porous open borders) for smuggling, illegal migration, etc, Little or no support from counterparts of neighbouring nations and in some cases active support by cross border elements to illegal activities etc.
Mention the various steps taken by India to address these issues and for effective management of its borders.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the need of effective border management strategy.
Topic: Security challenges and their management in border areas – linkages of organized crime with terrorism.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: unafei.or.jp
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about cross-border links between terrorists, and factors facilitating organized crime and responses to it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the factors that facilitate the growth of organised crime – poverty, political instability, weak governance, corruption, and social inequality etc.
Next, write about how organised crime can contribute to terrorism – organized crime groups can provide support to terrorist organizations, engage in terrorist activities themselves, and share similar characteristics with terrorism, such as the use of violence and intimidation etc
Next, write about the steps that are needed to tackle the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Work culture, Quality of service delivery,
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about components of ethical workplace culture and ways to build it.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by describing an ethical work culture.
Body:
Write about the major factors that create and maintain a culture of ethical behaviour – leadership, organizational structure, policies and procedures, training and communication, rewards and recognition, organizational values, and industry norms and regulations.
Next, write about ways to build ethical workplace culture and environment.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: challenges of corruption.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about improving efforts at combating corruption.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining corruption.
Body:
First, write about the major implications of corruption on political and social progress for countries at all levels of development. Write about the steps that are place to check and prevent corruption.
Next, write about the improvements needed in the governance frameworks to eliminate corruption in the country.
Conclusion:
Complete by writing a way forward.
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