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General Studies – 1
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Industrial Revolution, one of humanity’s most transformational events, did not begin in 1760 across Georgian Britain. Instead, Britain had already industrialised a century earlier under the Scottish House of Stuart, according to new research from the University of Cambridge.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about reasons for rise of Industrial revolution in England.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining Industrial Revolution.
Body:
In detail, write about the reasons for rise of Industrial revolution in England – Agricultural changes, Population boom, Economic innovations, new ideas and a scientific viewpoint, Transportation foundations, Natural resources, supportive government and numerous colonies.
Conclusion:
Summarize how all the above factors converged to start the revolution in England.
Topic: population and associated issues.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article discusses the disparities in Total Fertility Rates (TFRs) across different regions,
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes of falling TFR and the opportunities it provides.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context from the NFHS-5 data.
Body:
First, write about the factors that have contributed to declining TFR are: Higher education, increased mobility, late marriage, financial independence among women and overall prosperity.
Next, possible advantages that the falling TFR may lead to.
Conclusion:
Conclude by suggesting solutions to the challenges.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) pompously celebrates the anniversary of its establishment on April 4, 75 years ago.
Demand of the question:
To write about NATO and its achievements and limitations.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with brief background of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
Body:
First, briefly discuss the origins of NATO during the cold war.
Next, write about the significance of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) – Represents 30 nations, one billion people, and half of the world’s economic and military might.
Next, write about the role of NATO in prioritizing dialogue, diplomacy, and engagement with neighbouring countries, including Russia. It calls for a measured and cautious approach that takes into account the interests and concerns of all stakeholders in the region.
Next, write about the limitations of NATO.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and key takeaways from COP15.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of COP15.
Body:
First, write about Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) and its components.
Next, write in detail about the various takeaways from the COP15 – 30×30 initiative, Conservation, protection and restoration, Monitoring and reporting progress, Pollution and pesticides, Harmful subsidies etc.
Next, write about the measures that needs to be taken to achieve the above targets.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the conditions to grow mangrove ecosystem, threats faced by them and MISHTI initiative.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by briefly writing about mangroves and their ecosystem.
Body:
First, write about the conditions that are required to grow and sustain mangrove ecosystem and their importance. first line of defense against erosion and flooding. Also mention about the other ecological benefits of mangroves as well as its unique flora and fauna.
Next, write about the various types of natural and anthropogenic threats faced by mangroves. Coastal development, clearing for agriculture, excessive Aquaculture &Salt Production, River changes: Dams and irrigation, Destruction of coral reefs, Pollution and Climate change etc. Cite necessary examples, facts and figures to substantiate your point.
Next, write about the MISHTI initiative – its features and how it will protect the mangrove ecosystem.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity;
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about importance of probity in public procurement and its role in reducing corruption.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining probity.
Body:
First, write about the need of Probity in Public Procurement and how it will affect the current challenges with respect to public projects. Cite examples to substantiate.
Next, write about the steps to ensure probity in PPP projects.
Conclusion:
Complete by writing a way forward.
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: mkgandhi.org
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To explain about the trusteeship of Mahatma Gandhi and its aim of protecting dignity of beings over materialism.
Directive:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining the core idea of trusteeship philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi.
Body:
Further elaborate the concept of trusteeship with examples from Gandhian times to contemporary times. Gandhi’s economic ideas were part of his general crusade against poverty, exploitation against socio-economic injustice, and deteriorating moral standards.
He wanted to liberate the modern economic philosophy from the quagmire of materialism and bring it to a higher spiritual plane. Human actions were motivated by social objectives of the protection of human rights.
Conclusion:
End the answer by stressing the need and importance of trusteeship in present times.
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