UPSC Current Affairs Quiz : 29 March 2024

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the Institute of Human Development (IHD) have jointly published a report titled “India Employment Report 2024”.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/ilos-india-employment-report-2024-indias-employment-crisis/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Preventive detention entails the detention of an individual without a trial or conviction by a court, aiming to prevent future offences rather than punish past ones.
• Governments enact preventive detention laws to ensure public safety and maintain social order.
• In India, Article 22 of the Constitution provides safeguards for individuals detained under such laws.
• It limits the duration of preventive detention to three months unless an Advisory Board approves an extension.
• The detainee has the right to know the grounds of detention and make representations against it.
• Parliament has exclusive power to enact preventive detention laws for defence, foreign affairs, or national security reasons, while both Parliament and State Legislatures can enact laws for maintaining public order or essential services.
• Various laws in India, such as the National Security Act (NSA) and the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), allow for preventive detention for up to 12 months without formal charges, with periodic review by an advisory board.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/preventive-detention/.

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Global Trade Update: Released by UNCTAD, reports a 14% rise in services exports and a 6% decline in goods export from India in 2023
• Forecasts rebound in international trade in 2024
• Warns of logistical challenges like shipping disruptions in the Red Sea, Black Sea, etc., affecting costs and supply chains

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/reports-in-news/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: ISRO achieved a significant milestone with its PSLV Orbital Experimental Module-3 (POEM-3) successfully re-entering Earth’s atmosphere without leaving any debris in orbit.
• This achievement, following the PSLV-C58/XPoSat mission, is termed another milestone by ISRO.
• The operation involved converting the final stage of the PSLV into POEM-3 and deorbiting it from 650 km to 350 km altitude.
• This expedited reentry process aimed to minimize risks associated with accidental break-ups.
• POEM-3 carried nine experimental payloads, facilitating technology demonstrations and scientific experiments.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/poem-3/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Statement 2 is incorrect.
• Black carbon (BC) is a component of fine particulate matter. Black carbon consists of pure carbon in several linked forms. It is formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, biofuel, and biomass, and is emitted in both anthropogenic and naturally occurring soot. Black carbon causes human morbidity and premature mortality.
• In climatology, black carbon is a climate forcing agent. Black carbon warms the Earth by absorbing sunlight and heating the atmosphere and by reducing albedo when deposited on snow and ice.
• In the tropics, black carbon in soils significantly contributes to fertility as it is able to absorb important plant nutrients.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/black-carbon-2/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The Association of Southeast Asian Nations is a regional organization which was established to promote political and social stability amid rising tensions among the Asia-Pacific’s post-colonial states.
• The motto of ASEAN is “One Vision, One Identity, One Community”.
• ASEAN Secretariat – Indonesia, Jakarta.
• Established in 1967 with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration) by its founding fathers.
• Founding Fathers of ASEAN are: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
• Ten Members: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/icg-ship-samudra-paheredar/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: Launched by the Indian Navy in December 2023, the operation completed 100 days, operating in key areas including the Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea, and off the East Coast of Somalia. Its objective is to safeguard India’s maritime interests, counter maritime threats, combat piracy resurgence, and curb narcotics trade in the Indian Ocean Region.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/operation-sankalp/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: About the Mekong River

• It is one of the world’s longest, flowing through East and Southeast Asia, spanning 4,909 km. Originating from the Tibetan Plateau, it traverses six countries before reaching southern Vietnam. Its seasonal fluctuations and natural obstacles hinder navigation, yet it remains a crucial trade route.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/vietnams-mekong-delta/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Vietnam shares land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west.
• It shares maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/vietnams-mekong-delta/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite) is the first dedicated scientific satellite from ISRO to carry out research in space-based polarisation measurements of X-ray emission from celestial sources.
• X-rays comprise electric and magnetic waves that are constantly in motion. Being sinusoidal waves, they do not follow a patterned direction of motion. Whereas, a polarised X-ray is both organised and has two waves vibrating in the same direction.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/03/28/poem-3/