UPSC STATIC QUIZ – Geography : 10 February 2024

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

The Vasyugan Swamp is the largest swamp in the northern hemisphere as well as the largest peatland in the world. It is located in Russia, in southwestern Siberia.

The swamp is a major reservoir of fresh water for the region, and the Vasyugan river has its source there.

Mount Elbrus is the highest peak in Russia.

Solution: a)

Only Statement 1 is correct.

The periodic warming and cooling of surface waters in the equatorial Pacific Ocean — a phenomenon described as El Niño Southern Oscillations, or ENSO — is known to trigger widespread changes in atmospheric conditions, and has a major influence on global weather patterns, including the Indian monsoon. La Niña refers to the ENSO phase in which sea-surface temperatures are cooler than normal. The warmer phase is known as El Niño. A result of interactions between ocean and wind systems, El Niño and La Niña have almost opposite impacts on weather events.

Solution: c)

The Mid-Ocean Ridge system forms the most extensive chain of mountains on Earth, with more than 90% of the mountain range lying in the deep ocean – with a total length of about 60,000km.

Mid-ocean ridges are geologically important because they occur along divergent plate boundaries, where new ocean floor is created as Earth’s tectonic plates spread apart. As the plates separate, some molten rock rises to the seafloor, producing enormous volcanic eruptions of basalt, and building the longest chain of volcanoes in the world. Because most of these eruptions occur deep under the water, they often go unnoticed.

Solution: c)

The nations which share border with Russia are North Korea, China, Norway, Finland, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Poland, Georgia, Mongolia, Latvia, Estonia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, and Lithuania.

Solution: c)

Its left-bank tributary in Ladakh is the Zanskar River, and its left-bank tributary in the plains is the Panjnad River which itself has five major tributaries, namely the Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers. Its principal right-bank tributaries are the Shyok, Gilgit, Kabul, Kurram, and Gomal rivers.

River Kameng is a major tributary of Brahmaputra River.