UPSC Editorials Quiz : 24 January 2024

Solution: a)

Only Statement 2 is correct.

Organ donations and transplants in exchange for money are forbidden in India in order to protect poor and vulnerable donors from potential exploitation.

A transplant can be either from a pool of organs of deceased persons donated by their relatives, or from a living person the recipient knows. The Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994 allows living donations, in most cases, from close relatives such as parents, siblings, children, spouse, grandparents, grandchildren. Altruistic donations from distant relatives, in-laws, or long-time friends are allowed after additional scrutiny to ensure there is no financial exchange.

For living donations from close relatives, involving Indians or foreigners, documents establishing their identities, family tree, documents, and pictures proving the donor-recipient relationship, and documents to show the financial standing of the donor have to be submitted. Donors and recipients are interviewed to establish the relationship.

For donations from unrelated persons, documents and photographic evidence showing their long-term association or friendship have to be submitted along with all other documents. Such cases are examined by an external committee to guard against illegal dealings.

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Solution: c)

Admission of visitors (strangers in Parliament parlance) are governed by Rule 386 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha. The Rule, which deals with “admission, withdrawal and removal of strangers”, states that “the admission of strangers during the sittings of the House to those portions of the House which are not reserved for the exclusive use of members shall be regulated in accordance with orders made by the Speaker.”

According to the “Practice and Procedure of Parliament”, “a member can apply for issue of Visitors’ Cards only for those who are very well known to them personally.”

And while applying for visitors’ cards, members have to give a certificate saying “The above named visitor is my relative/personal friend/known to me personally and I take full responsibility for him/her.”

In view of the security reasons, visitors have to carry a Photo Identity Card.

There are similar rules for Rajya Sabha.

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Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

India on December 13 voted in favour of a resolution in the UN General Assembly (UNGA) that demanded an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in the Israel-Hamas conflict and the unconditional release of all hostages. This was the first time India supported such a resolution since the war broke out more than two months ago.

The 193-member UN General Assembly overwhelmingly adopted the resolution at an emergency special session, with 153 nations voting in its favour, 10 voting against and 23 abstentions.

Unlike Security Council resolutions, General Assembly resolutions are not legally binding. However, the overwhelming support for the resolution serves as an indicator of global opinion.

On October 27, India abstained in a UNGA vote on a resolution that called for an immediate humanitarian truce in the Israel-Hamas conflict.

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Solution: d)

• Precision farming is a site-specific crop management concept.
• It is based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops.
• This involves leveraging digital tools such as AI, Machine Learning, and IoT to optimise crop yield and quality while minimising costs and resources.
• It is also referred to as precision agriculture, satellite agriculture, and site-specific crop management (SSCM).

Solution: b)

What does the expression “sealed cover jurisprudence” mean?

It is the practice followed by the Supreme Court (and sometimes lower courts as well) of seeking and accepting information from government agencies in sealed envelopes that can only be perused by the judges.

In broadly two circumstances: when information is connected to an ongoing investigation, and when it involves personal or confidential information. The logic is that disclosure of information linked to an ongoing investigation could impede the investigation, and the disclosure of personal or confidential information could violate an individual’s privacy or result in breach of trust.