UPSC Editorials Quiz : 22 January 2024

Solution: b)

• Neuromorphic computing is the next level of artificial intelligence, though the idea has been discussed as early as 1940s by computer pioneers such as Alan Turing.
• It wants to make computers function as closely to the human brain as possible and mimicking that same complex neurological function, but on a chipset.
• With neuromorphic computing, the aim is to create a system similar to how neurons fire and interact in the human brain.
• Just as the human brain can learn on its own, remember a vast amount of information, a neuromorphic chipset attempts to do the same.
• In the future, robots with such neuromorphic chips could be used to monitor and detect hazardous materials or even do quality control in factories.
• Robots could be used to identify hazardous materials by tracking the smell in different kinds of scenarios.

Solution: b)

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF), Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure Scheme (AMI), Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH), and Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanisation (SMAM) under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.

Schemes of the Ministry of Food Processing Industries: Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises Scheme (PMFME), and Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY).

Schemes of the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution: allocation of food grains under the National Food Security Act, and Procurement operations at Minimum Support Price.

Solution: b)

Only options 1, 2 and 4 are correct in this regard.

WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:

JUSTICE, social, economic and political;

LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;

EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all

FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;

IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.

The Preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out guidelines to guide people of the nation, to present the principles of the Constitution, to indicate the source from which the document derives its authority and meaning. It reflects the hopes and aspirations of the people. The preamble can be referred to as the preface which highlights the entire Constitution.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

• The main constituent of CNG is methane gas, whereas the main constituents of LPG are propane, butane and other light hydrocarbon gases.
• CNG is lighter than air, whereas LPG is heavier than air. So, in case of any leakage, CNG quickly disperses in the air while LPG spreads to the lower ground/floor areas.

LPG has a high calorific value of 90 to 95 MJ/m3 compared to CNG, which has a calorific value of as low as 35 to 40 MJ/m3. Thus, LPG is a more efficient fuel than biogas, petrol, diesel, kerosene, and CNG.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

The Private Member Bill is a bill introduced by a Member of Parliament (MP), who is not a minister. MPs sitting in the Opposition mostly bring Private Member Bills in the house. 

The Union Territories of Puducherry, Jammu and Kashmir and Delhi have representation in the Rajya Sabha, while other UTs are unrepresented. In these three UTs, elected members of the Legislative Assembly form the electoral college for electing the MP for Rajya Sabha from their places.