[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 10 January 2024

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• About Krishna Raja Sagar Dam
• Built 1932
• Location River Kaveri, Mysore, and Mandya districts, Karnataka
• Named after Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV (then ruler of Mysore Kingdom)
• Engineer Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah (Bharat Ratna) (Birthday celebrated as Engineers Day on 15th September)
• Purpose Water supply for Mysore city, Bangalore, and irrigation in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/10/krishnarajasagar-krs-dam/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• About River Kaveri The Kaveri River is a perennial, monsoon rain-fed river. It rises at Talakaveri (Brahmagiri Hill) located in the Kodagu district in Karnataka.
• Drainage Basin: Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, Bay of Bengal (south of Cuddalore)
• Tributaries: Arkavathi, Hemavathi, Lakshmana Theertha, Shimsa, Kabini, Harangi

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/10/krishnarajasagar-krs-dam/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Gini coefficient is a statistical measure of the economic inequality across the population in a country or between countries. It measures the dispersion of income or wealth distribution among the members of a population.
• The Gini coefficient ranges from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality). Theoretically, values over 1 are possible due to negative income or wealth. A Gini coefficient larger than 0.40 is considered high inequality.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/10/income-inequality/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: About K-Shaped Recovery:

• Post-COVID, India is witnessing a ‘K-shaped’ recovery, signifying disparate economic rebounds for different segments. Experts note that the affluent are thriving, while the less privileged encounter challenges, exemplifying a divided recovery pattern.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/10/income-inequality/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Proba-3 is a dual probe technological demonstration mission by the European Space Agency devoted to high precision formation flying to achieve scientific coronagraphy.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/10/proba-3-mission/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: Clean Core Thorium Energy, a Chicago-based company, has developed ANEEL (Advanced Nuclear Energy for Enriched Life), (named after India’s scientist, Dr Anil Kakodkar) – a fuel that combines Thorium and High Assay Low Enriched Uranium (HALEU).
• ANEEL can be used in India’s existing Pressurized Heavy-Water Reactors (PHWRs), offering a potential game-changer for the country’s nuclear energy sector.
• India has the world’s largest reserves of Thorium, estimated at 1.07 million tonnes, and ANEEL could facilitate the efficient utilization of Thorium in nuclear reactors.
• The fuel’s benefits include reduced nuclear waste volume, lower operating costs, and longer-lasting efficiency.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/10/aneel/

Ans: (b )

Explanation:

• The Lunar Gateway, or simply Gateway, is the first planned extraterrestrial space station.
• It will be placed in lunar orbit and is intended to serve as a solar-powered communication hub, science laboratory, and short-term habitation module for government-agency astronauts, as well as a holding area for rovers and other robots.
• It is a multinational collaborative project involving four of the International Space Station partner agencies — NASA, European Space Agency (ESA), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) — as well as the Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC), which will provide the Crew and Science Airlock module for the Lunar Gateway.
• The Lunar Gateway is planned to be both the first space station beyond low Earth orbit and the first space station to orbit the Moon.
• Context: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has announced its participation in developing a module on NASA’s Lunar Gateway Station, joining the USA, Japan, Canada, and the European Union in the project.
  • The UAE’s contribution includes developing the Crew and Science Airlock module, serving as the entry and exit point for missions and astronauts travelling to the Moon’s surface from the Lunar Gateway Station.
  • The UAE will also manage and operate the Airlock, and the first Emirati astronaut will be sent into lunar orbit as part of the project.
  • The lunar space station will function as a space laboratory, supporting various scientific and technical experiments, with a minimum lifespan of 15 years.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/10/nasas-lunar-gateway-station/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) has identified six basins as potentially shale gas bearing. These are Cambay, Assam-Arakan, Gondwana, Krishna-Godavari, Kaveri, and the Indo-Gangetic plain.
• About Krishna-Godavari Basin:
  • It is situated in Andhra Pradesh and the Bay of Bengal is a vast deltaic plain formed by the Krishna and Godavari rivers. Covering 15,000 sq. km on land and 25,000 sq. km offshore, it has 5 km thick sediments deposited from Late Carboniferous to Pleistocene. The basin features upland and coastal plains, flood, and delta plains. Notably, the D-6 block in this basin holds India’s largest natural gas reserves, discovered by ONGC in 1983. Besides its geological significance, the basin is home to the Vulnerable Olive Ridley Sea Turtle.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/10/krishna-godavari-basin/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• 35 nations are collaborating to build the world’s largest tokamak, a magnetic fusion device that has been designed to prove the feasibility of fusion as a large-scale and carbon-free source of energy based on the same principle that powers our Sun and stars.
• The ITER Members—China, the European Union, India, Japan, Korea, Russia and the United States—are now engaged in a 35-year collaboration to build and operate the ITER experimental device, and together bring fusion to the point where a demonstration fusion reactor can be designed.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2016

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Only 1 and 3 are correct.
• Statement 1: A special category of land Eripatti or tank land, was known only in south India, This was land donated by individuals, the revenue from which was set apart for the maintenance of’ the village tank, which indicates the dependence of the village on the tank for irrigation. You can see here http://tinyurl.com/hprtzyu
• Statement 2: Taniyurs were distinct revenue units under Cholas. You can see here http://tinyurl.com/zchz6ue
• Statement 3: In South India centres of higher learning were known as Ghatikas. There was a famous Ghatika at Kanchi, drawing students from far and near. These Ghatikas were run in temples.
• http://tinyurl.com/h5acpfv

Refer: UPSC CSE 2016