[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 5 January 2024

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Iron ore refers to rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be extracted economically. It typically contains iron oxides, and the primary types include hematite, magnetite, and taconite.
• Status:
  • India is self-sufficient in iron ore production. It contributes 7% to global production. India ranks as the 4th largest producer globally. India is the 2nd largest producer of steel in the world after China

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/iron-ore-and-steel-sector-in-india/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The pollutants released from steel producing units are:
  • Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Oxides of Sulphur (SOx),
  • Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), PM 2.5, Waste Water, Hazardous waste, Solid waste etc

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/iron-ore-and-steel-sector-in-india/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Sanjay Gandhi National Park, is an 87 km² protected area in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It was established in 1969 with its headquarters situated at Borivali. The 2400-year-old Kanheri caves, sculpted by monks out of the rocky basaltic cliffs, lie within the park

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/coexistence-between-warli-tribes-and-leopards/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Warli painting derives its name from a small tribe inhabiting the remote, tribal regions of Maharashtra.
• These are decorative paintings on floors and walls of ‘gond’ and ‘kol’ tribes’ homes and places of worship. Trees, birds, men and women collaborate to create a composite whole in a Warli painting.
• These paintings are made mostly by the women as part of their routine at auspicious celebrations.
• Subjects are drawn with simple and local materials like white colour and rice paste and local vegetable glue on a plain contrasting background, made in a geometric pattern like squares, triangles and circles.
• Dots and crooked lines are the units of these compositions. Flora and fauna and people’s day-to-day life also form a part of the painting.
• The paintings are expanded by adding subject after subject in a spiralling manner. The rhythm of the Warli way of life is beautifully captured in simple images.
• Marriage is the most recurring theme of Warli paintings.
• Men and women dancing in circles (Tarapa Dance), during various celebrations, is another theme typical to the Warli paintings.
• A musician playing a native instrument is usually found in the middle of such spirals (Tarapa). Flora and fauna are also depicted in these paintings.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/coexistence-between-warli-tribes-and-leopards/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Only statement 2 is correct.
• Context: New research suggests that lower levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in a planet’s atmosphere compared to its neighbours could indicate the presence of liquid water on that planet.
• Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a way to catch carbon and trap it beneath the earth. It is different to carbon dioxide removal (CDR) — where carbon is sucked out of the atmosphere — although some of the technologies overlap. The key difference is that CDR brings down the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, cooling the planet, while CCS in fossil fuel plants and factories prevents the gas from getting out in the first place.
• In its latest review of scientific research, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) found both options will be needed for emissions that are hard to wipe out.
• Some bioethanol plants, where the gas stream is pure, already report capturing more than 95% of the carbon emissions.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/co2-levels-in-planet-atmosphere/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• POEM (PSLV Orbital Experimental Module) is an experimental mission by ISRO which performs in-orbit scientific experiments during the fourth stage of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) launch vehicle as an orbital platform.
• Context: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully tested a 100 W class Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell based Power System (FCPS) on its orbital platform, POEM3.
  • The experiment aimed to assess the operation of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel cells in space and gather data for designing systems for future missions.
  • Hydrogen fuel cells produce electricity directly and are efficient, emission-free, and ideal for space missions.
  • The test was part of the POEM-3 experiment executed during the PSLV-C58 X-ray Polarimeter Satellite (XPoSat) mission.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/polymer-electrolyte-membrane-fuel-cell/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: Indian telecom operators have urged the government to auction spectrum for Direct-to-mobile (D2M) technology services.
• Broadband involves high-speed internet access, transmitting data in both directions. Broadcast is a one-way transmission of content, such as TV or radio signals, to a wide audience. Broadband is interactive, while broadcast is typically unidirectional.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/direct-to-mobile-d2m-technology-services/

Ans: (c)

Explanation

• Context: A recent study by scientists in China and Japan has reported signs of superconductivity in a material called LK-99, which had been controversially claimed to be a room-temperature and pressure (RTP) superconductor.
• S1: This statement is correct. Superconductivity is a phenomenon observed in certain materials at extremely low temperatures, usually near absolute zero (0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius). In the superconducting state, these materials exhibit zero electrical resistance.
• S2: This statement is correct. The critical temperature, often denoted as Tc, is the temperature below which a material transitions into the superconducting state. Above this critical temperature, the material behaves like a normal conductor.
• S3: This statement is incorrect. While many superconductors do require low temperatures for their operation, not all of them require high-pressure environments. High-temperature superconductors (HTS) operate at higher temperatures but still generally require low temperatures compared to everyday conditions.
• S4: This statement is correct. The Meissner effect is a phenomenon observed in superconductors. When a material becomes superconducting, it expels nearly all magnetic flux, leading to the exclusion of magnetic fields from the interior of the material. This is a characteristic feature of superconductivity.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/room-temperature-superconductivity/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: There is growing momentum behind the concept of biodiversity credits or bio-credits, proposed as a financial mechanism to support the targets outlined in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) adopted in 2022.
• Conference Name: 15th Conference of Parties (COP15) to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), 2022 adopted Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/bio-credits/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has signed a three-year Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), a part of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).
  • The collaboration aims to develop and report a “Green Cover Index” for India’s extensive National Highways network.
• The Green Highways Policy, initiated in 2015, prioritizes greening highway corridors, and currently, monitoring relies on field visits.
• This innovative approach promises a reliable, time-saving, and cost-effective solution, allowing for a macro-level assessment of greenness along highways.
• The project’s primary goal is to capture the Green Cover Index region-wise for National Highways in the first assessment cycle, followed by annual cycles focusing on estimating growth patterns.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2024/01/05/green-cover-index/